Research Symposium-2011
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Browsing Research Symposium-2011 by Subject "Crop Production"
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Item Bioactivity of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl), Tagetes erecta L. and Lantana camara L. against Grain storage Pests Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2011) Gunathilake, G.G.V.L.; Henagamage, A.P.; Karunathilake, A.A.K.; Hapuarachchi, H.A.C.S.Note: See the PDF Version According to the viewpoint of economists, farmers have an opportunity to take advantages of seasonal price rises, but the benefits can only be achieved if grain is deal longer on the farm with no deterioration in quality. Then it appears the necessity of post-harvest management. Post-harvest deterioration of grains is principally causal by bi0logical spoilage organisms including insects, fungi and small vertebrates (Golob e/ at., 2002). Control of these insects relies heavily on the use of synthetic insecticides and fumigants. But their widespread use has led to some serious problems including development of insect strains resistant to insecticides, toxic residues on stored grain, toxicity to consumer and increasing costs of application (Jbilou et at., 2006; Golob ei at., 1999), Thus, several of natural plant extracts had been tried in the control grain storage pest insects with the view of advantages such as local availability, little or no toxicity to humans and simple preparation procedures (Okigbo ei at., 2009). The present study was undertaken to analyze the insecticidal activity of Laiitana carnal a L., Tagetes erecta L. and Tilhonia ‹diversifolia (Hemsl) with the aim of development of plant base insecticidal fumigants to apply on grain storage pests. These are underutilized plants in Sri Lanka which are heavily used in conventional farming to eliminate insects. Also they have been shown to have repellent and insecticidal activities against certa in insects (Adedire ct at., 2004, Nike:on e/ ml., 2009; Ogendo e/ n/. 2004). Insects, red flower beetle, Tribolium caslaneum (Herbst) is considered as a major pest of stored grains (Jbilou e/ uf., 2006).Item Development of Minimally Processed Banana Blossom (Musa acuminate colla)(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2011) Senevirathne, W.M.N.S.; Singhalage, I.D.; Madhusinghe, M.M.G.; Wijesekara, K.B.Note: See the PDF Version Minimally processing of fruits and vegetables is a i rapidly developing segment of the food industry. The manufacturing steps of minimally processed products involve washing, sorting, yelling, slicing, blanching and package "S IU fi I iris, The wound responses are the major problem of fresh cut development which case the enzymatic browning (Wickraiaiaiaclachii and Ramaiiitikaaracliclii, 2005) leaning to the reduction of visual and organoleptic quality. Control of wound responses are the key to produce minimally processed product if S°0d quality (Jaiiisicwicz e/ ml., 1999), Blanching is an important treatment which primarily aims at inacti voting the enzymes that cause undesirable changes (Kaui anti Kapoor, 2000). The increase in cut damaged surfaces ani4 availability of cell u nutrients (Delaqtiis e/ ri/., 2003) and i increase’s hand ling (Dat iiaabaudu c/ p/., 2007) of the products provide greater opportunity for contamination by pathogenic organisms. Minimally proceed vegetables are rare iii the Sri Lankan market. Therefore, the major objective of this research is to develop a minimally processed vegetable front consumption constricted local banana blossom.Item Effect of Aerva lanata in Controlling Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita of Tomato in Sri Lanka(2011) Nanayakkara, G.D.T.M.; Ratnaweera, P.B.; Karunathilake, A.A.K.Introduction The root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne syy.) are a group of endo-parasites which are among the most damaging agricultural pests, attacking a wide range of crops worldwide. In Sri Lanka, tomato (Lyeopersicon esciileiiiutn commercial and a widely grown vegetable which is often severely prone to attack by root-knot nenj6t0de, M lDi‹1 iii cogri/‹z. Other than in tomato, the Meloi’Jog 5'n e syy. Cause serious reduction in yield in several economically important plants such as potato, chilies, okra, mung-bean, rice, tea and tobacco (Akfitar, 2000). Nematode control is mainly based on, chemica1 nematicides, which present potential risk on non-target organisms and the environment. Their high costs, non-availability at the time of need and the hazards they pose, discourage most potential users. In the search for more environmental to chemicals, possibilities are being investigated to exploit nematode-anatagonistic plants for nematode control. Leaf extracts of certain plants are known to have nematicidal or nematostatic properties against several plant parasitic nematodes (Gapasin c/ at., 2002). The nematicidal activity of the plant extracts can leads for development of plant-based agrochemicals. Weeds are usually aggressive growers with the presence in large quantities. These plants species may therefore contain active biological compounds to resist various nematode infections. Biological nematicides prepared with weed plant extracts have the advantage of readily availability, low cost and environmental safety over other conventional nematicides. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Aeixa lonala (Ameranthaceae) weed p l ant species for nenaaticidal activity against MeloiJog tie incognita, root-knot nematode collected front tomato.Item Study on The Response of Different Cytokinins in Micropropagation of Kolikuttu (Silk) Banana (Musa Spp.)(Uva Wellassa University of Srilanka, 2011) Rajapakshe, M.M.S.; Kaliyadasa, P.E.; Iroshini, R.N.Note: See the PDF Version Kolikuttu is one of the most preferred banana varieties. But the planting materials are less available to the farmers and are usually limited to dry-zone. Therefore, the most appropriate option is to multiply Kolikuttu banana plantlets by macro propagation using tissue culture techniques. However, Kolikuttu banana shows least responses in multiplication under in-vitro conditions. In concern with the huge demand for Kolikuttu banana plantlets it is of immense importance to identify the suitable protocol to increase the multiplication rate of Kolikuttu banana under in-vitro conditions. Shoot multiplication depends on the type and level of cytokynin used in the medium, therefore this research study was focused to identify the most suitable type of cytokinin and its concentrations to enhance the multiplication rate of silk banana.