Abstracts of Undergraduates Dissertations-UWU

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Determination of Optimum Citric Acid Concentration and Pressing Weight for Marinated Ready to Cook Paneer Cheese with Maximum Organaleptic Properties
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 201) Karunarathna, D.C.
Optimum acid concentration and pressing weight is critical to get the desired quality of paneer. Aims of this study was to determine the correct citric acid concentration and pressing weight to enhance yield, organaleptic qualities and add value to paneer. Paneer was made using three levels of citric acid concentrations [10%, 20%, 30% (v/v)] and each paneer sample was subjected to three levels of pressing weights (14, 24, 34 gcm-2) resulted in nine treatments. Optimum citric acid concentration and pressing weight were selected by measuring yield and organaleptic properties. Fresh weight of treatments was measured to calculate yield. Organaleptic properties were analyzed by a sensory evaluation using 30 untrained panelists. Three vinegar and sugar based sauce samples were developed using different tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) pulp% and chilli (Capsicum annum) powder% (w/w). Three treatments are; 90% tomato pulp, 10% chilli powder and 80% tomato pulp, 20% chilli powder and 70% tomato pulp, 30% chilli powder. Paneer prepared using selected citric acid concentration and pressing weight was marinated using three sauce samples. Sensory evaluation was done to identify best marinated paneer sample and analyzed for shelf-life during 19 days determining yeast and mould count and p1-I at 4 °C. Yield was analyzed using two-factor factorial design. Sensory data were analyzed by Friedman non parametric test. Paneer manufactured using 20% (v/v) citric acid concentration, 24 gcm-2 pressing weight showed highest (P<0.05) yield and organaleptic properties. Paneer marinated with 90% (w/w) tomato and 1.0% (w/w) chilli sauce showed higher preference (P<0.05) for sensory attributes. Optimum citric acid concentration and optimum pressing weight were selected as 20% (v/v) and 24 gcm-2 to develop paneer with highest yield and organaleptic qualities. This paneer can be marinated using a sauce containing 90% tomato pulp and 10% chili powder, where the shelf-life is 17 days at 4 °C.
Development of Fiber Rich Rice Based Biscuit
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 201) Fernando, P.A.T.
Dietary fibre has demonstrated its benefits in health and disease prevention in medical nutrition therapy. The study was carried out on the utilization of the Banana Blossom (BB) in nutritional enrichment of biscuits. The Blossom of Banana is an excellent source of crude fibre in the human diet. Dietary fibre promotes laxation, lowers blood glucose and cholesterol levels. The aim of this study is to develop a value added product BB and rice flours in different blends. BB was cut in to slices and dipped directly in to 20g1- Citric acid solution for five minutes and dehydrated at 55° C for 8 hours and pulverized. Resultant Banana Blossom Flour (BBF) was packed in Polyethylene and Polypropylene and was subjected to proximate analysis, to determine moisture absorption capacity and L' value. Polyethylene was superior to Polypropylene as a packing material. BBF was used to supplement rice flour in percentages of 3,5,10 and 15 for biscuit production. Biscuits made of 15% coarse BBF and red rice flour with ginger flavor added were selected as the best treatment based on selected sensory attributes such as taste, color, texture and overall acceptability evaluated at the sensory evaluation. According to the proximate analysis, crude fibre content of the selected biscuits was 12.32%. To analyze the shelf life of the selected formula, Total colony count, Yeast and Mould count, moisture absorption capacity, acidity of the extracted fat were determined. According to the results, the developed product has a shelf life of three weeks without an addition of a preservative. Aluminum foil laminated with high density polyethylene (HDPE) was superior to Polyethylene as a packing material for the developed biscuits. The fibre content of this novel product is far above than the products available in the market. Key words: Banana Blossom, Banana Blossom Flour, Dietary fibre, Biscuit, Rice, Shelf life, Polyethylene
Gender Variation and Job satisfaction
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2009) Rajapaksha, R.M.D.
According to the past research findings, it is clear that there are contradictory ideas about the Gender Variation and Job Satisfaction. This Research study investigates relationship between gender variation and job satisfaction among bank employees in Colombo district of Sri Lanka. At the same time this research study, attempts to achieve the objectives of assessing whether there is a difference between Gender Variation and level of Job Satisfaction in related to the commercial banking labors in Sri Lanka. At the same time, this is accomplished by achieving the two sub objectives. They are: 1. identify the critical factors that influence to determine the Job satisfaction of both Male and Female employees 2. evaluate the trend and its importance of Gender variation and job satisfaction 3. compare the job satisfaction level of employees of government and private banks.
ISOLATION OF YEAST AND SCREENING FOR AMYLOLYTIC ACTIVITIES FOR THE SACCHARIFICATION OF LOCALLY AVAILABLE STARCHY PRODUCE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) AMALEE, G.D.N.
Amylolytic activity of yeast can be exploited for the biological conversion of complex carbohydrates in to fermentable sugars. Hence, the amylolytic yeast has vast industrial potential and it is economical and environmental friendly. Therefore a study was planned to isolate autochthonous yeast and screen them for amylolytic properties. In the study, over the 80 contaminated sugary and starchy materials were collected and isolation and purification of the yeast was carried out and their morphological and the cultural characteristics were also recorded. Purified yeast strains were checked for the hydrolyzation and the fermentation of powdered samples of starchy sources such as Cassava (Manihot esculenta), Wal lunu (Pancratium zeylanicum),Wal habarala (Alocasia macrohiza), Kiri ala (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) etc. Fermentative properties of the isolated yeasts were also studied using 10% sucrose solutions. Results revealed that most of the yeast isolates were with fermentative properties and the yeasts, isolated from Jackfruit, Coconut Toddy, Honey, Water melon, Tomato, Apple, Pumpkin, Coconut, Ugurassa, Snake gourd and Orange were showed amylolytic properties. However yeasts which were isolated from contaminated Jackfruit, Apple, Snake gourd, Orange and Honey showed both amylolytic and the fermentative properties. Further, yeasts which were having ethanol producability did not show amylolytic activities except the yeast isolated from the Snake gourd, indicating that all the fermentative amylolytic yeasts were not high ethanol producers. Key words: amylolytic yeast, alcohol fermentation, hydrolyzation, starchy materials
Induced Mutation and Development of Media Protocol for Plant Regeneration from Mutated Calli of Lily (Lilium Longiflorutn L.)
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Jayasinghe, H.S.L.
The study was carried out to create novel types of Lilium longiflorum by using irradiated calli to cater the increasing demand for Lilium as one of the most important bulbous flower commercially grown. in Sri Lanka. The calli were induced from lower half of the bulb scales and the basal part of the in- vitro plants in MS medium supplemented with three different combinations of BAP, IBA and 2, 4-D in the first experiment. Data were recorded on callus induction frequency, minimum days taken to appear callus, percentage of calli without direct organogenesis, growth rate and diameter of calli. In the second and third experiments, the calli were subjected to irradiation with different exposure time (10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes exposure) of UV (254 nm) and 60Co gamtha (2.5, 5 and 10 Gy) and cultured on MS medium with three different hormone combinations of BAP, NAA and GA3.Observations were made on mortality percentage of calli after irradiation, number of calli producing shoots, total number of shoots and shoot height. All experiments were conducted as Complete Randomized Design with two factors. Each treatment of experiment 1 was consisted with 20 replicates and treatments of experiment 2 and 3 were consisted with 15 replicates. MINITAB was used to analyze the data. Lower half of bulb scales cultured on MS supplemented with 0.022 mei BAP and 0.22 mg1-1 2,4-D recorded least number of days (22 days), highest frequency of callus induction (85%), highest percentage of calli without direct organogenesis (82.35%), diameter (1.8±0.12 cm) and growth rate (3.3±0.30) at P<0.05. In experiment 02 and 03 interaction effect of media and irradiation source was not significant at p<0.05. Irradiation levels with reduced plant height, mean no of shoots and mortality less than 50 %, considered as an indicators for mutations, UV with 30 minutes exposure time and 10 Gy of gamma can be selected as effective sources of mutation which recorded the lowest values for above parameters at p<0.05. At the same time mutated calli from above irradiation levels in the MS supplemented with 0.5 mg1-1 NAA and 0.6 mgi1 BAP recorded the significant growth than other media (p<0.05).
STUDY ON IMPACT OF PRICE INCENTIVE & IDENTIFYING FACTORS AFFECTING GREEN LEAF QUALITY IN RELATION TO REASONABLE PRICE FORMULA FOR TEA SMALL HOLDER SECTOR BASED ON KALUTARA DISTRICT
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) PREMADASA, K.P.T.
Study on Impact of Price Incentive & Identifying Factors Affecting Green Leaf Quality in Relation to Reasonable Price Formula for Tea Small Holder Sector Based on Kalutara District In Sri Lanka Tea small holding sector plays major role in contributing to 74% of the national tea Production. Quality of green leaf supplied to the tea factories by this sector greatly affects on the quality of the final made tea. But at present, most of the tea processing factories receive only about 35 - 40% of best quality leaves. Having identified this fact the SLTB has incorporated a price incentive into the reasonable price formula through which payments for the green leaves are made, to motivate small holders to supply quality leaves. The present study was conducted to identify impact of price incentive on the motivation of small holders to quality build-in their products and the factors affecting on the best quality leaf percentage received to the factories. 75 tea small holders were selected randomly from the study area Baduraliya Tea Inspector range to represent the population and collection of the data was done through a semi structured questionnaire. Wilcoxson sign test was performed to analyze the small holders' motivation level and a linear regression analysis was done to identify the factors that affect on the best quality leaf percentage. The results of the Wilcoxson sign test revealed that there is significant effect of price incentive on motivating tea small holders to quality build-in their green leaf supply. According to the linear regression analyze reception of price incentive, mode of disposal, practicing fine plucking method, transport condition, age of the farmer and the education level of the farmers are main factors affect on the best quality leaf percentage received to the tea processing Factories. Key Word: Price incentive, Quality of tea green leaf, Tea small holding sector
A CASE STUDY: FACTORS AFFECTING ON MILK PRODUCTION OF CONTRACT FARMERS' OF THE SWISS CHEESE COMPANY PRIVATE LIMITED IN NUWARA-ELIYA DISTRICT
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) RIFKY, A.M.
This study investigated the factors affecting on milk production of the contract dairy cattle farmers' of Swiss Cheese Company Pvt. Ltd. in Nuwara-eliya district. A field survey was carried out using 50 farmers in Queensberry, Bogahawatta, Maskeliya, Kellewatta and Rozella villages. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used. The investigated farmers were virtually landless and farming is done in extremely small (118+8.7 m2) block of land, in most cases owned by commercial tea plantations. Herd size was found to be 2.26+0.18 with low number of lactating cows (1.0+0.12). Although, almost all cattle farmers practice stall feeding (96%), majority of them (68%) depend entirely on naturally grown low quality, mix weeds. The roughage and concentrate offered were 47.8+4.35 and 1.1+0.09 kg/cow/d, respectively. Although, the temperate cross bred dairy cows managed were at their 4+0.41h parity, the milk production was found to be considerably low (6.7+0.78 L/cow and 9.2+1.14 L/herd). Age at first calving was 34+01 and the calving interval was 14+0.2 in months. Cost benefit analysis showed that the WC ratio (per herd) was 2.36+0.359, thus the farmers gain profits from cattle keeping. The regression analysis reviled that calving interval, percentage lactating cows, expenditure on concentrate, AI, veterinary service and the amount of roughage offered are the factors that significantly (P<0.05) acct on herd milk production. Farmers' knowledge in cattle keeping was found to be significantly low possibly due to low level of formal education. According to perception of farmers', lack of capital for improve housing facilities, unavailability of forage source, low milk productivity of cattle and low farm-gate milk price were identified as constraints in cattle farming in the studied area. Herd milk production from contract farmers could be improved by introduction of better feeding (i.e. concentrate and roughage) strategies. Key words: Cattle, Milk production, Feeding, Calving interval, Expenditure
Development of Iiaccp Plan for Steam Boiled Crab Meat of Asian Blue Swimming Crabs (Portunus Pelagicus),Production Line at Jay Sea Foods Processing (Pvt) Ltd.
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Kanojan, K.
In past few years' concern regarding food safety has increased and continuous reports on food borne disease out breaks has been a major impetus in the application of new quality management systems such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), developed to eliminate the risks associated with foods and reduce the incidence of food poisoning outbreaks. The present study aimed to identify the HACCP in steam boiled meat production line. The exciting production line was observed to determine the adequacy of safety measures adopted. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), Standard Sanitary Operating Procedures (SSOPs) and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) were developed and documented as pre-requisite programs for HACCP plan development. The product description, intended uses, flow diagrams and plant schematic diagrams were constructed and potential hazards associated with entire process from raw material reception to dispatch of the end product were identified by critically evaluating each processing step. The microbiological, chemical and physical hazards and their significance and likely occurrence at each step of the process were observed. Then Critical Control Points (CCPs) were determined based on CCP decision tree. The CCP's of steam boiled crab meat production line were identified as the receiving of raw materials, steam cooking, picking of crabs, and chill/cold storage. Then Critical Limits of identified CCP's were established using government regulations, company policies, proved scientific data with effective monitoring activities, corrective actions and verification procedures and the number or percentage of live crabs, steaming temperature of 15 minutes at 100 °C, cooling crab meat temperature of 4.5 °C or less within 2 hours during or after picking are identified as the critical limits. Corrective actions were established for deviations that observed during monitoring such as: supplying of wet sacs, removing the improperly cooked crab meat. Finally, a HACCP plan was developed and verified for its validity. Key Words: - Critical Control Points; Critical limits; HACCP; Hazards; Pre-requisite.
DEVELOPMENT OF FIBER RICH RICE BASED BISCUIT
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) FERNANDO, P.A.T.
Dietary fibre has demonstrated its benefits in health and disease prevention in medical nutrition therapy. The study was carried out on the utilization of the Banana Blossom (BB) in nutritional enrichment of biscuits. The Blossom of Banana is an excellent source of crude fibre in the human diet. Dietary fibre promotes laxation, lowers blood glucose and cholesterol levels. The aim of this study is to develop a value added product BB and rice flours in different blends. BB was cut in to slices and dipped directly in to 20g1- Citric acid solution for five minutes and dehydrated at 55° C for 8 hours and pulverized. Resultant Banana Blossom Flour (BBF) was packed in Polyethylene and Polypropylene and was subjected to proximate analysis, to determine moisture absorption capacity and L' value. Polyethylene was superior to Polypropylene as a packing material. BBF was used to supplement rice flour in percentages of 3,5,10 and 15 for biscuit production. Biscuits made of 15% coarse BBF and red rice flour with ginger flavor added were selected as the best treatment based on selected sensory attributes such as taste, color, texture and overall acceptability evaluated at the sensory evaluation. According to the proximate analysis, crude fibre content of the selected biscuits was 12.32%. To analyze the shelf life of the selected formula, Total colony count, Yeast and Mould count, moisture absorption capacity, acidity of the extracted fat were determined. According to the results, the developed product has a shelf life of three weeks without an addition of a preservative. Aluminum foil laminated with high density polyethylene (HOPE) was superior to Polyethylene as a packing material for the developed biscuits. The fibre content of this novel product is far above than the products available in the market. Key words: Banana Blossom, Banana Blossom Flour, Dietary fibre, Biscuit, Rice, Shelf life, Polyethylene
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTANT HERBAL TEA FROM WALKOTHTHAMALLI(Scoparia dulcis) FOR REDUCTION OF BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) SARATHCHANDRA, P.W.S.H.
The study was carried out to identify the suitable plant part, drying period for the preparation of instant herbal tea of Walkoththamalli and to analyze consumer preference, quality of the product, chemical composition and pharmacological effect of the herbal extract to control the blood sugar level. Whole plant and leaves were selected as reliable plant parts and dried under 70°C for 12, 24. and 24 hours to prepare the bags by filling 1.5 g of dried samples and microbial test was performed for four months to check the shelf life of the product by comparing the available standards for black tea. Organoleptic properties of finished product and herbal extract were evaluated using a sensory evaluation with thirty one panelists and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) with 5% methanol in chloroform solvent system was used to study chemical compounds available in the 95% ethanol herbal extract. Random Blood Sugar Test and Glucose Tolerance Test with 75 g of oral administration of glucose were used as clinical trails to test the effect of the herbal extract on blood sugar level (leaves dried for 24 hour at 70°C) using five and three volunteers respectively. Among the six treatments, leaves dried for 24 hours was recorded the significantly highest (P<0.05) consumer preference for all parameters analyzed in the sensory evaluation. The same sample recorded the lowest microbial activity compared to the other samples. With the TLC all six samples showed thqt different banding patterns in the plates, which represent the availability of chemically active compounds in the herbal extracts and leaves dried for 24 hours at 70°C was shown the highest number of bands under 254 nm UV light. The results of random blood sugar test and blood sugar level in glucose tolerance test showed that significant reduction in blood sugar levels of each volunteer with herbal extract than the control. According to the above results leaves dried for 24 hours at 70°C was the best type to prepare the instant herbal tea from walkoththamalli which is having the ability to reduce the blood sugar level.
A Case Study: Factors Affecting on Milk Production of Contract Farmers' of the Swiss Cheese Company Private Limited in Nitvvara-Eliya District
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Rifky, A.L.M.
This study investigated the factors affecting on milk production of the contract dairy cattle farmers' of Swiss Cheese Company Pvt. Ltd. in Nuwara-eliya district. A field survey was carried out using 50 farmers in Queensberry, Bogahawatta, Maskeliya, Kellewatta and Rozella villages. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used. The investigated farmers were virtually landless and farming is done in extremely small (118±8.7 m2) block of land, in most cases owned by commercial tea plantations. Herd size was found to be 2.26±0.18 with low number of lactating cows (1.0±0.12). Although, almost all cattle farmers practice stall feeding (96%), majority of them (68%) depend entirely on naturally grown low quality, mix weeds. The roughage and concentrate offered were 47.8±4.35 and 1.1±0.09 kg/cow/d, respectively. Although, the temperate cross bred dairy cows managed were at their 4±0.4th parity, the milk production was found to be considerably low (6.7±0.78 L/cow and 9.2±1.14 L/herd). Age at first calving was 34±0.2 and the calving interval was 14±0.2 in months. Cost benefit analysis showed that the INC ratio (per herd) was 2.36-10.359, thus the farmers gain profits from cattle keeping. The regression analysis reviled that calving interval, percentage lactating cows, expenditure on concentrate, AI, veterinary service and the amount of roughage offered are the factors that significantly (P<0.05) affect on herd milk production. Farmers' knowledge in cattle keeping was found to be significantly low possibly due to low level of formal education_ According to perception of farmers', lack of capital for improve housing facilities, unavailability of forage source, low milk productivity of cattle and low farm-gate milk price were identified as constraints in cattle farming in the studied area. Herd milk production from contract farmers could be improved by introduction of better feeding (i.e. concentrate and roughage) strategies. Key words: Cattle, Milk production, Feeding, Calving interval, Expenditure
Service Oriented Architecture for Enterprise Resources Planning Jsoper
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Dasanayaka, J.
Jsoper is an innovative Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system developed based on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). With the use of its unique and comprehensive characteristics, I decided to use SOA as it is the most suitable architecture for a system in this scale and functionality. After analyzing the present day architectures used for current ERP systems such as Model View Control Architecture (MVCA) and Model Driven Architecture (MDA), I came across many negative findings. Some of which are mentioned below; • The layers are always tightly coupled, • Most ERP systems are forced to depend on a centralized database, • Heavy compatibility issues in relation to the communication between the current ERP system and other Enterprise Applications, • When developing the ERP system, all the related sub modules have to be developed concurrently resulting in higher cost. Considering the above findings and other negative attributes, I designed, developed and tested the Jsoper ERP system and concluded for it to be the most cost effective and efficient solution for the current market. Some of Jsoper ERP systems' advantageous characteristics are as follows; • The layers are always loosely coupled, • Each module uses its own independent and individual database, • Eliminates any compatibility issues in relation to the communication between the current ERP system and other Enterprise Applications through the use of interfaces embedded to the system itself, • As separate plug-ins are used within Jsoper itself, the need to develop new sub modules become unnecessary. Therefore, this will result in a considerable cost reduction. With all the above positive characteristics and many more added features, I am confident that the Jsoper will become a market leader in its industry in time to come.
Study on In-Vitro Growth, Rooting and Acclimatization of Baby's Breath (Gypsophila Paniculata L.)
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) De Silva, W.A.N.T.
Baby's breath (Gypsophyla panieuktto L.) is one of the important cut flower which used Tissue cultured techniques to propagate commercially. Fragile nature of roots reduced in-vitro rooting and plant survival during acclimatization. Therefore, this research was conducted to improve the in-vitro rooting and plant survival of Baby's breath. Effect of four different gel strengths of MS medium (solid : 9 g 1' agar, semisolid : 4.5 g 1-1 agar, liquid and liquid with coir dust), two different aeration levels (aerated and non aerated) and two different age levels of cultures (four and six weeks aged) on in-vitro growth, rooting and acclimatization of baby's breath was studied through observing shoot height (cm), total dry weight (TDW) (g), total fresh weight (TFW) (g), no. of roots, root length (cm), no. of rooted plants by using 3 replicates and no. of survival plants observed weekly interval up to one month by using 40 plants at Tissue Culture laboratory, Agricultural Research Station, Sita Eliya. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and MINITAB statistical package were used to analyze the data. Tukey test was used to mean comparison at 5% significant level. Six weeks old plants in aerated semi solid medium was found to be better for in-vitro shooting as it recorded higher survival percentage (83.3%) than four weeks old plants in non aerated semisolid medium (50%) due to high calli growth though it was recorded the highest TDW, TDW/TFW. Six weeks old plants in aerated solid medium was recorded the best performances in in-vitro rooting which recorded 100%,rooting and survival percentage with higher no. of roots (2.83) comparing to the six weeks old plants in non aerated solid medium which recorded 100% rooting and survival percentage with lower number of roots (2.16) at 5% significant level. It can conclude that six weeks old plants in aerated semi solid medium can be used for in4itro shooting and six weeks old plants in aerated solid medium can be used to in- vitro rooting and acclimatization. It could also be suggested that three weeks time period was sufficient for acclimatization of in-vitro grown plants.
Study of impact of Information Technology on the Effectiveness of customer Relationship management System in E-Business Perspective in Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Punchihewa, G.P.H.A.J.; Sutha, J.
The primary purpose of this research was to identify the impact of information technology on the effectiveness of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in e-business perspective in commercial banks in Sri Lanka. This research paper developed and tested a model to examine the effect of information technology on the effectiveness of CRM systems in e-business perspective in commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Research presents an analytical discussion and empirical evidence of the relationship information technology investment and effectiveness of CRM systems. Theoretical views allow for the complex relationship between the Information System and effectiveness of CRM systems. The results are tested on 08 commercial banks in Sri Lanka; data are collected through primary and secondary sources. Empirical evidence showed that Information System have direct, strong positive relationship with effectiveness of CRM systems. Effectiveness of CRM systems is highly depending on information systems and on some external factors such as, political pressures, unqualified sponsorship of top management, lack of financial programs to promote CRM, organizational resistant to change and Global operations
Study on Growth and Performance of Three Indigenous Village Chicken Types (Small, Medium and Heavy)
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Mathiyalagan, T.
Although Sri Lankan indigenous chicken (Gallus gallus) are providing a valuable protein source, unique genetic resources to the country, proper evaluation and utilization remains at a minimum level, So the present study was aimed to upgrade indigenous chicken population through selective breeding. Indigenous chicken population available in Central Poultry Reach Station and they were divided into three groups according to weight (small, medium and large) based. Information in body weights, length and height were obtained from 549 chicks, pedigree of small ecotype, medium ecotype and large ecotype sires and dams were taken from the above farm. Semen was collected from each group males and collected semen was inseminated with each selected female groups. Collected eggs were incubated and two hatches were obtained. Data were collected from two hatched groups chicks, these chicks were identified individually from birth, by using numbered wing-bands, and weighed. Parents and chicks were fed by using commercial diets. Data on day old weight, body weights, lengths and heights at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks of age were analyzed by (ANOVA); General Linear Model procedure by using three ecotypes. Ecotype had a significant (p<0.05) effect on overall body weight gain per bird and mean body weight from day old to 8 weeks of age. The highest body weight gain per bird was recorded for large ecotype chicks. Among the ecotypes, small and medium had the smaller body weight gains while large ecotype had larger weight gains. The result from the analysis of variance showed a highly significant (p<0.05) difference on length gain per bird, mean length and height had a significant (p<0.05) effect on overall height gain per bird and mean height gain per bird from day old to 8 weeks of age. Three ecotypes were similar in weight, height and length from day old to 1st week. Ecotypes for 2nd week to 8th week of age weight, height and length were differed. Large ecotype chicks were shown high growth and performance among three ecotypes with regard to height, length and body weight. Key word: ecotype, dam, sire, pedigree, semen
EFFECT OF SLAUGHTERING AGE AND SEX OF STRAIN COBBS AND HYBRO ON CUTUP WEIGHTS
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) PATHMANATHAN, P.
The qualitative properties of the meat are of major importance for poultry processing, since meat is now widely consumed as cuts or as processed products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of slaughtering age, sex and strain Cobb and Hybro PG+ on cutup weights. The experiment was conducted with 192 broilers of two different strains (Cobb and Hybro) were reared in a fully automated, closed house system at Crysbro Group of Company, Jayamalapura, Gampola. Birds were slaughtered at the age of 33 to 42 days. All broilers were weighed before slaughter and after having 12 hours starvation period. At the end of processing, carcasses were portioned into five different parts such as: Leg, Breast, Back, Wing and Neck. Weights of those parts were measured by using electrical balance. Data were analyzed by Multiple Regression of two dummy variables. Two dummy variables have been employed to take Sex and Strain in to account. Age of birds was taken as a quantitative variable. Five regressions were built according to the different parts. The age was significantly affect (P<0.05) for all variables except the Neck %. The strain was significantly affect (P<0.05) for all variables. Sex was significantly affect (P<0.05) for all variables except Wing %. Breast% (Br %), Leg (L %), were increased with slaughtering age and Wing (W %) and Back (B %) were decreased with slaughtering age but Neck (N %) was not changed with slaughtering age. Wings% (W %) and Neck% (N %) were decreased with the slaughtering age. Processed male weight higher than the female in both strains. Strain Cobb was the most suitable for portioning. Expensive cut percentage such as: Breast% and Leg % are higher in Cobbs than Hybro PG+. Strain Cobb could be used to obtain high carcass weight or expensive portions from 38 days of age. At 38 days of slaughtering age, strain Cobb produced average 2.143 kg of live weight, Back 15.19%, Wing 7.68%, Leg 23%, Breast 27.615% and Neck 4.43%. Key Words: Hybro PG+ , Cobb, Strain, Carcass weight, Starvation
The impact of Training and Development Practices for the Labour Productivity in the Apparel Sector with Special reference to Kalutara District
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Jayakody, M.U.
The study comprehensively evaluates the link between training and development and labour productivity. This particular study was done with regards training and development practices in apparel sector in the Kalutara District. Apparel industry was very essential for a developing country like Sri Lanka. And it takes an important place in its economy. In the competitive market, the greatest contribution from apparel sector was highly valued. Normally Sri Lanka has a competitive advantage on the cheap labour. And human resource was the most vital part in the apparel sector. So that the training and development was the most significant part of the apparel sector. The most of the companies find it difficult to get their predicted profit. This could be due to the less emphasis on training and development. Using sample of about 100 lower level employees(labours) representing apparel industry, measured impact of training and development practices for the labour productivity in the apparel sector .Following objectives were expected from this study.Main objective was identify the impact of training and development practices for labour productivity related to apparel sector in Kalutara District. Other objectives were analyze the content in select the training needs, find out the effects of training on the success of labour productivity, find out the major areas the most employees needed and make the recommendations to develop effective training program to increases labour productivity. In developing this study most of the data was obtained by primary and secondary sources.
ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OFTALLOW RENDERED FROM LEATHER INDUSTRY WASTE
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) VINOTHSHANKER, S.
Flesh samples collected from fleshing waste of leather factory were oven dried, heated and tallow was collected as melted fat. The tallow yields were compared on the basis of gender, region, and species. There are significant differences (P < 0.05) in tallow yields obtained from cattle with respect to gender and region (Up country and low country). Considering buffalo, there is no any significant difference (P < 0.05) among tallow extracted from males and females. There is no any significant difference between the tallow from cattle (Low country) and buffalo (LC). Tallow was evaluated for iodine, saponification, acid value, free fatty acid, ash and moisture. The iodine, saponification, acid value, free fatty acid, content of crude fat were169.2, 301 (mg KOH/g), 51.78 (mg KOH/g), 0.5 as oleic acid %by wt, 37.665% respectively. Ash value and moisture content was 0.16 (mg/g) and 1.38% respectively. Extracted tallow cannot be suggested as a edible for human consumption (Codex).Higher saponification values lower the stability of tallow for soap production. Key words: Tallow; Rendering, yield, quality
Empirical study of Employee Rewards system and Impact on Behavioral outcomes of Employees with Special Reference to Private Commercial Banks in Badulla Urban Area
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Fasana, S.F.
People play fundamental role in establishing and sustaining a firm's success. Human resource seems to be most dynamic factor of an organization. They need considerable attention from the organization's management. Reward system is a big tool for organization to motivate employees. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the relationship exists between the reward system and behavioral outcomes of employees in terms of employee performance and job commitment. The population used for this study consisted of 6 banks from Badulla urban area and sample was 63 employees. Stratified random sampling method was used to select the sample. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data where as published articles and journals used as secondary data. Questionnaires consist of questions evaluating different fact such as personal information, existing reward system in banks, Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, job performance and commitment to be ranked. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. With respect to the inferential techniques, Pearson's product movement correlation, Regression analysis, Analysis of variance were used to indicate relationships and differences in the reward and behavioral outcome of employees. Analysis were done by using Minitab and SPSS statistical software packages Ultimate results conclude that there is a strong positive relationship between rewards and behavioral outcomes (+0.925). The above findings were in line with previous studies and supported with literature. With reference to the study results some valuable suggestions and remedies were provided to equip bank staff and enlighten senior management.
Service quality Perception in the Hotel Industry (With Special Reference to Galle District)
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Sheriff, A.M.; Ranasinghe, J.P.R.C.
The service quality is an important factor for the success in the hotel industry. This research attempts to study customer's perceived service quality in the hotel industry. This paper aims to discover what customers think of the quality of service as that can be found in the hotel industry by looking into certain factors. The method employed to gather the research data was adopted from some of the instruments used in the SERVQUAL method as well as some of the other popular dimensions used in the hotel industry researches regarding measuring the perceived service quality. By using a descriptive analysis with a measurement scale of a 5 point Likert scale system the analysis were done. There was some methodical and dimensional issues regarding measuring the perceived service quality. Based on the research nine service quality dimensions were identified. Research findings indicated that 36 percent were repeated customers to the specific hotels. The research findings also indicated that generally the customers in the classified hotels were satisfied with the service quality that was provided by the hotel management.

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