Research Symposium-2012

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Forward Engineering tool For Code Generation from UML
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Halyala, H.M.S.H.; Gladkikh I, V.
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a very dominant modeling graphical language for specifying, constructing and documenting the artifacts of software system. UML is a collection of. Best engineering practices that have successful in the modeling for a design of huge and complex systems. Modeling is very important for readability and reuse of the systems. The visual representations of the software are explained by the detail of programming concepts for the Object Oriented techniques. Nowadays UML is become a standard modeling language for the Industry which is used for the software designers. Modeling has plays an important role for any system and contributes to the understanding of the source inputs and outputs. Forward engineering tool for system design and implementation which generating source code from UML class model, and keeping the code and model synchronized and generating corresponding tables from UML. This tool is focused on creating a technology which will reduce the time of software development life cycle by providing an interface to instantly create the foundation of a hibernate project, within a few minutes of time as a Global software framework .
Optimization of Available Agar Processing Methodologies of Gracilaria verucosa in Kinniya
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Yalinee, M; Jayamanne, S.C.; Pahalawattaarachchi, V.
Seaweeds in Sri Lanka are mainly utilized for the production of commercially important products like agar-agar and alginic acid. Agar is commercially produced from Gracilaria and Celidiiim species (durairatnam.1962) But the gel strength is very low. This is mainly due to the processing technologies adopted and it is necessary to optimize the processing technologies to produce Agar with higher gel strength. In the present study, attempts were made to produce Agar with higher gel strength and higher yield using the species, Gracikiria verucosa.
Identification of Clonal Differences of Rubber (Heven brasiliensis muell. Arg.) Based on Photosynthetic Parameters
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Sandamali, N.D.A.; Senevirathna, A.M.W.K; Alwis, L.M.H.R.
The rubber tree (He»ea brasiliensis muell.Arg.) is indigenous to the tropical rain forests in Brazil (Thomas and Panikkar, 2000). It is the only major commercial source of natural rubber (T'J R). In commercial plantations, the economic like span of rubber tree is about 30 years. In Sri Lanka, the rubber industry provides remarkable benefits to increase the living standards of human being as sinii far to other rubber growing countries. Ac the beginning of the commercial plantations, seedlings were used as planting materials (Panikkar e/ at., 1 980). Panikkar e/ at., (1980) and Seneviratne e/ at., ( 1 998) showed high variation among Individuals in such plantations. However, to avoid * 8I1 variation in plantations Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka has introduced about fourty five rubber clones at present, i.e. RRIC 100 series, RRISL 200 series, ftRlSL 2000 series etc, A long time period is needed to develop, test and release a clone of rubber. Also the growth and yield of the tree vary according to the clone. Photosynthetic and growth parameters are important characters which affect the crop productivity. Carbohydrate is the main product of process of the photosynthesis and subsequently a part of these assirilates are converted into polyisoprene which is the NR o£ rubber latex. The photosynthetic parameters can also be changed due to type of the clone. Correlations can be exist between selected characteristics of the immature plants with the pet formai1ce of mature plants of the same clone. I£ mature tree performance can be Forecast Iron immature trees, it will l1elp to reducing period spent on the clonal evaluation program. There Fore, the present study was carried out to identification of clonal differences of rubber based on photosynthetic parameters that is very much important to develop early detection criteria for rubber clone.
Development of Liquid Fertilizer from Brown Seaweed-Surgassum sp
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Thilakarathne, W.M.N.; Pahalawattaarachchi, V.; Jayamanne, S.C.
Seaweeds are macroscopic marine algae which mostly visible with naked eye, photosynthetic and eukaryotic organisms. Sri Lanka has many varieties of marine algae and about 340 seaweed species (Durairatnam, 1961) that has a high potential to add value. Unfortunately exploitation and utilization of seaweeds is at a minimum level in Sri Lanka. The developments of Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer (SLF) from brown seaweed (Sargassum sp.) contribute scientifically and technologically to add value to seaweeds in Sri Lanka. SLF contain macro nutrients, trace elements, organic substances, and plant growth regulators such as auxin, cytokinkin and gibberellins (Thirumaran et at., 2009) and are important for plants to increase the yield of crop plants, increase nutrient uptake from the soil, enhance water retention capacity of soil and act as a soil conditioner. The present study is the first attempt in Sri Lanka to develop a Liquid fertilizer using seaweeds.
Mobile Based Travel Guide System
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Weerasekara, M,K.; Dissanayake, B.A.K.
Mobile phones have become a simple and common commodity while these devices can facilitate travel guidance due to their effectiveness and straightforwardness (Baus,et al.,2005). Mobile phones based travel guiding is promising to become the best-targeted guiding medium that offers fresh ways to their end users. Compared to the global mobile travel guide system context (Hinze and Junmanee, 2006), there's less development of such solutions locally. Therefore 'Travel Advisor' can be considered as an effective local solution for travelers. 'Travel Advisor' is mobile based travel guide system which was fully built using Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME) and java library (Knudsen and Sing, 2005) for sending and receiving short service messages(SMS
Identifying and Mapping the Distribution of Selected Medicinal Plants in Jaffna District
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Sivarajah, K.; Alwis, L.M.H.R; Rathnayake, R.M.C.W.M.; De Silva, W. A.H.T.
Medicinal plants have significant roles in human livelihood and are medically, culturally and economically important resources for the local people. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 80 percent of the population in developing countries relies on traditional medicine, mostly in the form of plant drugs for their health care needs. Additionally, about 25 percent of plant derivatives are used in the n1odem medicines. As Sri Lanka’s Northern part is very close to India, herbs which are found in India are found in Sri Lanka too (Sathiyaseelan, 2008). Large numbers of moderate to high value medicinal plants, herbs and vines naturally exist in Jaffna district. However of the existing medicinal plants only very small percentage is traded due to unawareness of medicinal plants distribution within the Jaffna peninsula. This study examined the current situation of selected important medicinal plants naturally grown in and mapped their distribution in Jaffna district in order to conserve and promote their cultivation.
Comparison of Efficacy of Natural Yeast Cell Wall Polysaccharides (Antigen®) Against Commonly Used Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Broiler Diets in Sri Lanka
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Adikari, A.A.S.Y; Priyankarage, N; Silva, S.S.P; Nambapana, N.M.N.N
Antibiotics have been widely used in animal production for decades in order to obtain high level of production and efficient feed utilization. Even though antibiotic growth promoters show positive effect on the performance of the livestock, use of antibiotics as growth promoters has caused some concerns in public health sectors. Transmission and the proliferation of resistant bacteria via the food chain and presence of harmful residues are the major concerns (Gunal et al., 2006) since Scandinavia and European Union have imposed a ban (Castanon, 2007). The need for developing alternatives is realized and many research studies have been started to identify suitable alternative feed additives that would reduce bacteria penetration and colonization in poultry and perform the same characteristics as the antibiotics. Many such as probiotics, prebiotics, exogenous enzymes and organic acids have been used with some success. Amongst many, yeast cell wall polysaccharides found to be consumer friendly alternative but the efficacy will vary with environment, management practices and feed. No comparative studies have been done in Sri Lanka. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of an alternative, natural yeast cell wall polysaccharides which are having high affinity binders that can bind competitively to bacteria and prevent there binding to bowel cells, to colonize and caused infection. In the study that was compared with the commonly used antibiotic growth promoters in Sri Lanka
Consumer Evaluation of Brand Extension with Reference on CIC Brand
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Wanigasekara, P.G.G.; Mahindarathne, M.G.P.P.; Weyhenage, S. P.
The ever changing market characteristics give huge impact on corporate decisions. Hence the companies constantly develop new marketing strategies to stay ahead in the market and reap more benefits for their stakeholders. In fact introduction of new product is necessary for any companies to stay ahead with competition. As a solu1ion companies adopt brand extension strategy for increasing sales of the new product lines. Brand extension is a strategy adopt by companies having strong and establish brand names, as a means to enter in new product categories or classes (Aaker and Keller, I 992).Brand extension is one of the attractive growth strategies and it is low cost, low risk way to penetrate different target segments by utilizing establishes brands. Brand extension is widely used because of the fact that strongly positioned brand could build and communicate brand value successfully. Then the customers are motivated to do trail purchasing and averse the risk of new product. Brand extension strategy needs a careful analysis of the market before adopting, because it has both positive and negative consequences. Brand extension strategies tasted success in the past, still brand extension success is uncertain. Literature, showed a wider variety of determinants for consumer evaluation of brand extension. But there is no any empirical evidence under Sri Lankan context. Therefore this study was conducted to analyze how consumers evaluate brand extension in the Sri Lankan context. The specific objectives of this study are identifying the factors influence in consumer evaluation of brand extension and find out the association between above Factors with overall brand extension respectively. General objective is identifying the possible brand extensions for future success by incorporating CIC brand name.
Impact of Broker - Producer Interaction on Tea Producer's Satisfaction in Price Realization
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Dasanayaka, R.M.S.N.; Gunathilaka, R.P.D.; Rathnayaka, R.M.S.D.
Sri Lankan Tea industry is one of oldest and economically important industry in the country. Teas that produced within the country are primarily marketed through Colombo tea auction and then exported to other countries either in bulk or value added form. Auction takes place among five important stake holders namely Auction Organizers, Manufacturers, Brokers!, Buyers and Warehouse keepers (Hazarika, 2011). Manufacturers do not have any active role in this system and give the authority of selling their tea to concern broker. Brokers receive 1% brokerage from producer for this service (Kumekawa, 2011). Brokers and producers interact in various ways to get a better price realization at the auction because higher prices realized by tea will increase the revenue of both parties. But producer's satisfaction on the price they get may vary depending on their perceptions on price to be realized. The term satisfaction is defined according to the level they achieve their targets in terms of prices in this research. If the target is reached or exceeded, producer is satisfied. On the contrary, it is the dissatisfaction (Patterson et a/., 1997 and Peter & Olson, 1996). The study was aimed to assess the impact of broker producer interaction in producer's satisfaction in price realization and to identify constrains faced by producers in adoption of broker's manufacturing advices. Further the study focused to give suggestions for effective interaction between broker and producer.
Water Quality Index Calculation and Management System
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Jayasinghe, H.M.B.N.; Attanayake, A.N.B.; Udagedara, D.T.
Water quality data recording and manipulation has always been a manual procedure in local water resource management agencies. The Water Quality Index Calculation and Management System was developed as a partial solution for these shortcomings. It calculates water quality index automatically after entering the basic data into the system. It can accurately generate necessary reports daily, monthly and yearly. Web- based online system has been chosen to facilitate the Water Quality Index Calculation and Management System. Open source PHP and SQL were used to develop a comprehensive design program for a waste water treatment plant.With the use of powerful problem solving feature of the HTML this system was developed. The program can also be used to check the design details of an existing plant to know the expansion works needed for increased hydraulic and organic loadings occurring in future.The purpose of this study is to present the development of a modular online system package for simulating the performance of the selected treatment.The computer program for the design of water treatment plant was test-run and the results were compared with those of the existing plant. The program is interactive. The program has been fed with relevant input data for each unit of treatment plant and executed. Data are entered as and when necessary as per the guidance obtained from the program.Major output of this system is giving a final conclusion about the treated water in a water treatment plant. Also it calculates values for the water quality parameters like turbidity and total water hardness etc. Different user can get customized details and information from the system.The proposed system benefits to all the people who use water quality reports by increasing the efficiency and mobility in an effective manner. Also waste water treatment plants play a major role in the system. The main goal of the Water Quality Index Calculation and Management System is to popularize it among water professionals.
Comparison of Integrated Pest Management Strategies in Different Tea Growing Countries with Special Reference to Pesticide Residue Monitoring
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Hewanainbikanda, C.S.; Mohotti, K.M.; Gunathilaka, R. P. D.
Tea (Camellia sinensis(L)0.Kuiitze) is an intensively managed perennial monoculture crop cultivated on large and small scale plantations situated between altitudes 4l'N and 16'S. Tea plants are attacked by several pests and diseases and also invaded by numerous species of weeds, which compete with tea plants for moisture and nutrients. Hence to augment the productivity of tea and to protect the plaiits froi i pests and diseases, it is necessary to adopt plant protection measure using synthetic chemicals. Tea is the secondly most consumed beverage in the world. Tea is considered as a ‘health beverage’ due to its antioxidant properties and resultant beneficial effects on human health. Such beverage should be free from toxic elements such as pesticide residues and heavy metals. To obtain a clear idea about pesticide residues in tea, it is imponant to understand the situation about pests, pesticide usage and Integrated Pest management (IPM) strategies in leading tea growing countries. Also it has been recognized as important for all the stakeholders in the tea industry by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) /IntergovernmentaI Group on Tea (IGG).
Study on Present Status of Local Root and Tubes crops Grown in Uva Region
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Dissanayake, M.U.K; Alwis, L.M. H. R; Rathnayake, R. M. C .W. M.
Local root and tuber crops are important and popular food crops which can be used as the main meal as well as side dish in Sri Lanka. They are vegetatively propagated, produce underground food, and are bulky perishables. The major and the popular local root and tuber crops are yarns (Dioscorea species), cess asa (Manihotesculenf ‹z), sweet potato (Ipomoea bataias), and edible aroids (Colocasiaesculenia and Juu f8osomospp). Also they are high in carbohydrates, medicinal value and adaptability for the different climates. At Jeast one or more varieties of local root and tuber crops are available in any given petiod of the year and farmers can easily cultivate these crops due to its easy management, minimum pest and disease attacks, less input, less attention as wet I as ability to cultivate in marginal lands (Department of Agriculture, 2006).Therefore local root and tuber crops are certainly an alternative for food security of country. Today, local root and tuber crops consumption and cultivation however have been ignored and these crops are facing a threat of extinction in Sri Lanka. Therefore present study was conducted to study the present status of local root and tuber crops grown in Uva region and to collect different types of local root and tuber crops available in Uva region.
Biodiesel Production from Tallow
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Gamlath, G.S. D; Samaraweera, A.M.; Wickramasingha, W.K.
Biodiesel from inedible beef tallow, mostly produced by leather manufacturing can provide an alternative for petroleum diesel. Tallow which is attached to the flesh side of the raw hide is considered as waste in leather Manu factoring process. This waste tallow can be used to produce biodiesel. It will reduce tl1e amount of tanners waste materials and also it will reduce the cost of removing ta very wastes. Methyl esters are the product of Tran’s esterification of fat and oil with methanol using an alkaline catalyst (KOH). In addition, the process yields glycerol, which has large applications in other industries, such as pharmaceuticals, food and plastic industries. The process of trans esterification is a Elected fry various conditions such as mode of reaction condition, alcohol to tallow molar ratio, kind of alcohol, type and amount of catalysts, reaction time, temperature and purity of reactants (Cunha «/ o/., 2009).
Conversion of Hatchery Waste to a Feasible Feed Ingredient for Poultry
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Jayakody, J.R.T.V; Narnbapana, N.M.N; Hettiarachchi, K
The unprecedented increase in the cost of feed ingredients, especially the protein sources has encouraged the feed industry to go for cheap alternative protein sources. Hatchery waste is one such source. Hand book of poultry feed from waste processing and using defines hatchery waste as collectible material remaining after saleable chicks removed (Adel et al., 2000). Due to the broiler industry in Sri Lanka only from un-hatched eggs and infertile eggs approximately 2500 ton of hatchery waste is generated annually. With the expansion of day old chicks production in the country, disposal of this waste has become a serious issue and has created problems with health and environmental pollution. Conversion of this waste to a cheap source of nutrition to livestock could reduce the cost of feed and volume of importation while eliminating the problems related with hatchery waste. As the composition of the hatchery waste varies and less attention has been paid regarding the commercial value of this ingredient (Saima, 2001). Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of preparing a dry, pathogen free feed ingredient from hatchery waste, determining its nutritional composition, comparing the product with the standards (NRC, 1994) of available protein sources and the value of protein in commercial feed formulation.
Study on Effect of Supplemental Exogenous Protease Enzyme in diet with Reduced levels Of Soybean Meal on Feed Conversion Ratio of Broilers
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Nuwarapaksha, N.M.E; Nambapana, N.M.N
Feeding enzymes to poulcry is one of the major nutritional advances in the last fifty years (Kfiattak ef at., 2006). The use of enzymes in animal Feed is o£ great importance as using high levels of good vegetable protein sources such as Soybean meal poses certain problems like increased viscosity of gut contents, poor digestibility and poor chick due to its high fiber content (?.5 % CF). SBM is rich in non-starch (NSP) which reduces the digestibility of the SBM. Zanella e/ at. (\ 999) that these effects of NSP can be overcome of with suitable exogenous enzyme acids in a wide range of natural feed ingredients, allowing lower protein diets to be formulated without loss in animal performance. Protease is a protein digesting enzyme that breaks down storage proteins binding starch within feed ingredients. This makes the energy From protein bound starch available to the bird to be used for productive purposes. Proteases are also effective in releasing protein anti-nutrients found in ingredients like soybean meal. This function of proteases makes proteins more available (Panda el at., 1 998]. Protease enzyme improve the digestibility of amino acids in a wide range of natural feed ingredients, allowing lower protein diets to be formulated without loss in animal performance. Not only does such use provide cost savings for the user.
Quality of Sea Sand vs. River Sand
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Sripranavan, S.; Attanayake, A.N.B.; Cooray, J.T.
Over the years, with increasing development activities of the country, demand for sand has reached to an exceptionally high level. Yet river sands and sea sands are virtually the main industry raw material source. Indiscriminate mining and extraction of river sand has led to severe environmental degradation. Therefore it is necessary to explore for alternative sources. The collected river and sea sand samples were tested for moisture content, organic matter content, pH value (acid demand), mechanical grain size analysis and specific gravity value. Comparison was made between the properties of the two sand varieties. The result that Specific gravity determination of samples value are between 2.62 — 2.74. This indicates that the Specific gravity determination of the tested dune sand sample is within that oft normal sands and therefore sands are suitable for construction purposes. From the Sieve analysis test, over 90% of the sand samples are between 1.18 mm to 0.15 mm sieve size, while some 1% is coarse particles, and 3% is very fines (silt and clay). With the majority sand samples consisting of sandy particles. Therefore sands are for suitable for construction purpose. All the engineering properties of the sea sand closely match with river sand used in construction. Therefore use of sea sand will help mitigate the environmental degradation caused by excessive river sand extraction.
Formulation and Development of Whey Beverage Incorporating Ginger (Ziiigiberofficinole) Powder and Lemoii Flavor
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Muthuarachchi, M.H.D; Abesinghe, A.M.N.L; Samarasekara, C
Whey is the major by-product of cheese industry. lt Is enervated due to the acid coagulation or rennet coagulation of milk. Whey comprises 80—90% of the total vulture of iri i lk entering the process and contains about 50% of the in i I k so I ids in the origin a I in ilk such as serum prote in, lactose, vitain ins and niinerals. Hence, it can be consiflered as a potential I y Valuable by—product (Naik e/ ml., 2009). Presently, disclaiming of whey is a huge problem in cheese industry. Biological oxygen de ma iid (BOD') values for cheese whey range from 30,000 to 45,000 mg/k. There for, effective and ecouomica I methods of bit i I izing ivliey are essential if cheese plants are to remain competitive with other sediments of the food processing industry. Productioii of whey beverage is one of the cost effective iiiethod of utilizing whey. Whey beverages are nutritious due to high serum protein content which is readily digestib ie and bio-available. However, relatively high content of in inerals in whey are responsible for undesired salty-sour flavor in whey and results undesired taste final Product. Many studies have swown that , addition of natural oiartiticial flavors such as fruit flavors, chocolate flavor, mint flavor c/c. can be used to overcome this problem. Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) is most widely used condiirient for various foods and beverages (Parthasarathy e/ o/., 2008) and poses as unique flavor which is preferred by people and may be used to develop whey beverage This study attieipled to develop a whet beverage with good organoleptic properties by incorporating ginger extract and lemon flavor.
Identification of Reasons for Higher Percentage of Tea Off Grades in Tea Processing
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Mowlithas, A.; Gunathilaka, R. P. D.; Senanayaka, P. K.
Sri Lanka is one of the major tea exporting countries in the world. Sri Lankan tea has unique characteristics and reputation as the best tea in the world (Zoysa, 2008). Tea grading is essentially a classification of the product in terms of particle size, shape and cleanliness (byad et al., 2004). Off grades have lower price than main grades. But, its cost of production is higher than main grades. Off grade tea reduces the quality of the end product (Samaraweera et al, 1988). This research was conducted with the aim of identification of reasons for the higher percentage of tea off grades
Analysis of Diversification Strategies Adopted by Tea Plantations
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Madhusankha, B.P.; Mahindarathna, M.G.P.P.
Sri Lankan plantation crop industry mainly consists of Tea, Rubber and Coconut while tea plays a dominant role in Sri Lankan economy being the plantation crop with extent of 80,185 ha. Plantation crop industries have been listed under 23 Regional Plantation Companies. In a new competitive era, organizations try to improve its performance by applying different strategies namely crop diversification strategies and non-crop diversification strategies. Crop diversification strategies would be diversification out of core crop strategies while non crop diversification seems to be focused on core crop to utilize under - utilized resources to gain maximum efficiency out of them or diversification with non-related business activities (Daud et al, 2009). Ultimately, these strategies are applying to boost the performance and stay competitive in the market. But the question here is whether these crop diversification strategies and operations are really improves the company performance. If yes what will be the optimal level which will maximize the performance of the company? Hence, the main objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the diversification strategies adopted by Kahawatte Plantations PLC in different perspectives. Other objectives include identification of the impact and relationship of diversification strategies on the performance of the listed diversified estates comes under Kahawatte Plantations Company and determination of the optimum level of crop diversification which maximizes performance of listed diversified estates of Kahawatte Plantations Company.
Determinants of Exit of Barn Owners from Flue Cured Tobacco Farming in Sri Lanka
(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2012) Abeysekara, N.N.R.; Jayamanna, G.G.M. D.T.; Abeysekara, N.N.R.; Jayamanna, G.G.M. D.T.
Tobacco is a well-known cash crop cultivated in different areas and it contributes more to the Sri Lankan agriculture. Ceylon Tobacco Company (CTC) is the monopoly holder of the cigarette tobacco business in Sri Lanka. There are two types of cigarette tobacco termed as air cured tobacco and flue cured tobacco. Flue cured tobacco is cured through heat stream while air cured tobacco is cured from air. The success of the business depends on the relationship between the CTC and the barn owners. Barn owners are the people who have direct contact with the CTC and they have barns to cure tobacco leaf. When consider the barn owners, their state of functionality (weather they continuously function-CF, Random Function -RF or Exit -EX) towards the business is a considerable factor to be studied. When analyzing the data base of barn owners’ involvement to the business, it can be revealed that, even though there is a better accountability for cigarette tobacco production in the existing business context, considerable percentage of registered barn owners are exit from the business. The objective of the study is to find out the determinants of the exit of the barn owners from flue cured tobacco farming

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