Browsing by Author "Prematilake, K. G."

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    Determinants of Ceylon Black Tea Market Penetration in Chinese Tea Market
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Kirusiya, R.; Prematilake, K. G.; Amarakoon, A. M. C.; Chitty, A.
    A growing economy and a booming middle class makes China a potentially lucrative market for exporters and further, changing younger generation's preference towards black teas creates a new export wave for the black teas to China. In view of this, a study was conducted to explore the factors effect on Ceylon black orthodox tea market penetration in Chinese tea market. The data employed to analyse the factors influencing market penetration of Ceylon black orthodox tea in Chinese tea market were obtained through a questionnaire. 52 Ceylon black tea exporting companies to China were selected as the sample using simple random sampling technique. Both descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis techniques were used for the analysis. The major findings of the study indicated that, the model used for the study is significant at 95% significance level. Moreover, value addition, quality of tea, recognition of brand, consumer focus, competition, promotional activities and trade barriers were identified as significant factors that affect market penetration of Ceylon black tea into Chinese tea market. In addition, value addition, quality of tea, consumer focus, competition, promotional activities and standard barriers are having positive relationships with market penetration while failure rate, recognition of brand, unit price and trade barriers are having negative relationships with the market penetration. The results will assist Ceylon tea exporters in understanding the key necessities of the Chinese tea market and thereby improving the market penetration of Ceylon black tea into Chinese tea market. Keywords: Ceylon black orthodox tea, Chinese tea market, Market penetration
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    Investigating the Causes for Poor Control of Erigeron sumatrensis (Alawangupillu) by Glyphosate in the Uva Region
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Ramanayaka, R. J. M. D. K.; Prematilake, K. G.
    Erigeron sumatrensis (Alawangupillu) could be considered as a hard-to-kill weed in tea plantations because it has become totally resistant to Paraquat (Marambe et al, 2002) and from the recent past, there are claims that this weed shows a poor control also by Glyphosate (Prematilake, 2010). Recent investigations under upcountry conditions have shown that such poor control of weed is attributed to the dosages of Glyphosate applied and age or growth phase of weeds under up country conditions (Prematilake and Nawaratne, 2010 ; Prematilake and Darshani, 2011) . Hence, this study was aimed to determine the degree of control of E. sumatrensis weed at its different stages of growth by different dosages of Glyphosate under the conditions of Uva region. Materials and Methods Plants of E. sumatrensis at five different growth phases, having 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14 and more than 15 leaves per plant, were collated from Ury Estate, Passara (30 plants from each of the five growth phases) and planted them on a raised bed, randomly at a spacing of 50 x 50 cm. Plants were left on beds for 2 weeks period to establish. Plants of each of the five growth phases were treated with two dosages of Glyphosate (3ml/Land 5ml/L) at two weeks after planting. An untreated control was also maintained. A drenching application of Glyphosate was given to each plant during morning time using a hand sprayer. The experimental design was Complete Randomized Design with two factor factorial with 2 replications.Visual injury symptoms in the weed (chlorosis of leaves, wilting of leaves, drying and scorching of leaves and leaf fall) were observed and scored at 7, 14 and 21days after application (DAA). The degree of damage on leaves and whole plant was taken in to account in scoring using a scale (0 to 9).The viable plants were counted and the dry weight of above ground part and roots were measured at 21 DAA. Results and Discussion All visual symptoms such as chlorosis, wilting, scorching and drying of leaves and leaf fall were occurred at a higher intensity with Glyphosate at 5ml/L (2.75 L/ha) than the Glyphosate at 3 ml/L (1.65L/ha). Chlorosis of leaves and wilting of leaves were most prominent at seven DAA and scorching and drying of leaves and leaf fall prominent at 14 DAA.