Effect of Palm Oil as an Alternative Plasticizer in Tyre Tread Compound
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Date
2013
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
Abstract
Raw natural rubber and synthetic rubbers are compounded with other substances to have useful
articles. Plasticizers play a major role in rubber compounding and petroleum based mineral oil
are mostly used as plasticizers for tyre components. But mineral oil is a nonrenewable resource
and some of them have been identified as carcinogenic. Naturally occurring oils from
agricultural sources have been investigated as an alternative plasticizer in tyre tread compound
for several years but there has been no systematic study of the effect of palm oil with respect to
the all three types of mineral oils; aromatic, paraffinic and naphthenic oils. The objective of this
work was to study the possibility of using palm oil as a cost effective alternative plasticizer for
petroleum based mineral oils in tyre trade compound.
The experiment was carried out in Research and Development section at Samson Compounds
(Pvt) Ltd (DSI Group), Bataduwa, Galle, Sri Lanka. Four types of compounds were prepared
with aromatic, naphthenic paraffinic and palm oil plasticizers according to the formulation of
material. RSS III-75.000, SBR (Styrene Butadiene Rubber)-25.000, Processing oil-10.000,
N330- Carbon Black-50.000, TMQ-Antioxidant-2.000, ZnO-5.000, Steric acid-1.500, 6PPD(N-
benzthiazyl
sulphenamide)-1.300, DPG (N-diphenylguanidine)-0.200, Sulfur-2.300, Wax-2.000 were used
to prepare the tyre tread compound .
Mixing was carried out on a laboratory size (160mmx320 mm) two roll mixing mill (Model -
COMERI M-89) and the respective cure characteristics were determined using a Monsanto
Rheometer (Model 100 FF). Tensile properties and tear strength were tested according to the
ISO 37, 1977 using tensile tester (Model TS 1000). Hardness was determined as descri bed in
ISO 48, 1979 with a dead load hardness tester. According to the ISO 815, 1991 compression set
was tested. Abrasion resistance was measured according to the Din 53516 standards using
Abrasion tester (Model GT-7012). Rebound resilience was measured using a Lupke Pendulum
according to the ISO 4662-1986 standards. Specific gravity was measured using an Electronic
densimeter.
Thermal oxidative aging was analyzed as a measure of tensile properties. Tensile properties
were tested for four types of compounds after aging over 22 hrs in 70 C and palm oil based
compound was tested for tensile properties as a function over time.
Description
Keywords
Agriculture, Export Agriculture, Mineral, Rubber Production, Rubber Technology, Oil Palm