Development of a Coconut Water and Coconut Milk Based Beverage Incorporated with Skim Milk Powder
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Date
2013
Journal Title
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Publisher
Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
Abstract
Coconut water is a colorless, slightly acidic liquid with pleasing flavor and mostly consumed for
its delicious taste and nutritional value. Coconut milk is an oil-in-water emulsion extracted from
the endosperm of mature coconut (Cocos nucifera). There are different beverages based on
coconut water and coconut milk and with a high demand as a sport drink. However, its keeping
quality is less than 24 hours when it exposes to air. Generally, this kind of beverages can be
preserved by pasteurization. Hence, this study was conducted to develop a nutritious beverage
with coconut water, coconut milk and skimmed milk powder (SMP) and to find out the best heat
treatment method to prolong the shelf life. The research was conducted at Lucky Lanka Milk
Processing Co. Ltd. First, the ingredient composition of the beverage was determined. Coconut
milk was prepared using scraped coconut meat which blended with 100 mL distilled water.
Then, 10 mL of coconut milk, sugar and skim milk were mixed with 80 mL of coconut water.
Series of preliminary trials were conducted to determine the composition of the ingredients. In
the final trial, the level of SMP was changed in 3-12 g range. Beverage was bottled in 200 mL
glass bottles and exposed to four different heat treatments, 95 °C, 100 °C, 105 °C and 110°C for
10 minutes. Each treatment was replicated three times. The best SMP level for for the beverage
was selected by a sensory evaluation using 30 untrained panelists. Shelf-life analysis was done
by using titratable acidity, pH and microbial evaluation for coliforms, E. coli and yeast and
mould during storage. The total solid, moisture, protein and mineral content were analyzed in
selected beverage sample. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA (CRD) and Friedman
non-parametric test in MINITAB 15. Finally, cost of production was calculated. According to
the results of sensory evaluation, beverage prepared with 80 mL of coconut water, 10 mL of
coconut milk and 6 g of SMP was recieved highest (P<0.05) estimated median for overall
acceptability. Heating110 °C for 10 minutes was the best heat treatment method which extends
the shelf life. Product showed pH of 5.8, TA of 0.018 lactic acid % (w/w) and 5 CFU/mL of
day of storage (4 C). There was no growth of Coliform during
the tested period. These parameters were complying with specifications for bottled coconut
water given by FAO (2007). Cost of production for 210 mL of the beverage was Rs 39.32.
According to the proximate analysis beverage contains 1.2% protein, 0.26 mg of potassium and
48 mg of Sodium. It can be concluded that SMP can be used to develop a beverage based on
coconut water and coconut milk with good organoleptic properties and heating at 110 C for 10
minutes can used to extend the shelf life of the product up to 35 day under 4 C.
Description
Keywords
Agriculture, Export Agriculture, Beverage, Beverage Industry, Coconut Production