Development of a pH Responsive Ceramic Material
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Date
2018
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka
Abstract
Food spoilage is a big problem in the food industry which cannot be overcome, but
able to be controlled or ways of detection can be developed. In the food industry,
identification of food quality minimize health problems and avoid wastage. The
objective of this research is to introduce a pH sensitive smart bottle cap. When the
pH is going to change the ceramic pallet placed in the cap will change color. When
some food item such as milk is being spoiled, there will be lactic acid, which reduce
pH, produced. Because of acidic condition pH will be reduced. This pH variation
can be identified by pellet. Kaolin is the ceramic material used in this research. Here
it is used due to its non-toxicity and chemical inertness. The kaolin based material
was prepared in a way it can absorb a dye material to obtain clear view of color
change. This research used four types of dye materials. Two of them are
anthocyanin containing plant based dyes and other two are commercial dyes.
Anthocyanin can undergo molecular rearrangement due to polyphenolic groups and
extended conjugation of double bond depending on pH of the medium. Also in
methyl orange and methyl red, they show different colors in acidic and basic
conditions. Other important thing is those dyes exhibit low toxicity and may not
affect to the taste of food item. The air stability of those four dye materials have
been checked by the UV visible spectrometer. For the purple cabbage, there were
increased of absorbance gained after 72 hours. The pH reduction average is 34.04%
after 72 hours. Same as the Hibiscus dye also shown, a increase of absorption and
reduction average of pH 25.35% after one day. Same as methyl red dye, it shows
11.7% increase of absorption after one day. Also it shows 20.05% of pH reduction
after one day. In methyl orange, it shows 67.67% of absorbance increase and 19.3%
of pH reduction. Purple cabbage absorbed pellets show yellow color for the 1.0 M
NaOH and pink color for the 1.0 M H2SO4. For spoiled milk, blue color pellet
turned into the purple. Same results were obtained for the Hibiscus dye. It shows
brownish color for the spoiled milk as well. It shows brown color with the spoiled
milk. Therefore, it is clear that these ceramic pallets have the potential to be used as
smart caps for spoiled food detection.
Keywords: Food soilage, Kaolin caps, Ceramic cap, Commercial dyes, Pit change
Description
Keywords
Materials Sciences, Mineral Sciences