Research Symposium-2016

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Browsing Research Symposium-2016 by Subject "Aquatic Products"

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    Development of a Prawn Flavored Spicy Cracker with Prawn Waste and Drumstick Leaves
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Martyn, A.M.L.K.; Abeyrathne, E.D.N.S.
    Prawns are very important aquatic products in Sri Lanka. Prawn industry wastes are used as value-added human food, fish feed or to extract chitin. This research intended to produce high protein spicy prawn cracker with prawn waste and drumstick leaves. Prawn industry wastes (head, appendages, carapaces, and shell) were thoroughly washed, dried in hot air oven at 80°C for 4 hours and ground by a blender. Fine prawn head waste powder thus obtained was used for producing prawn crackers. Drumstick leaves were wilted for 5 days at the room temperature and finely ground. Wheat flour, rice flour, vegetable oil, salt, dry yeast, pepper, water were mixed to make a dough. According to the sensory results 2% (wlw) prawn head waste powder and 1% (w/w) drumstick leaves powder was selected as the best. The dough was cut into pieces of square shapes and put into the oven at 180°C -200°C for 8-10 minutes. Nutrition evaluation of prawn cracker was total carbohydrate 62.34%, crude protein 13.06%, crude fat 15.8%, ash 2.40% and crude fiber 2.50%. pH of the product did not significantly vary within the measured period (around pH 7). Microbiological analysis reveals that the product is within the SLSI limits in room temperature up to 14 days. Hygienic handling practices and proper packaging will increase the shelf life. This research revealed that high quality protein fortified prawn crackers could be manufactured from unutilized prawn wastes. Finally the development procedure can be scale up and can increase the shelf life with introducing proper packaging materials. Keywords: Prawn head waste powder, Drumstick leaves powder, Prawn cracker
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    Development of a Simple and Economical Method for Chitin Extraction from Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Shell Waste
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Wehella, M.N.; Alakolanga, A.G.A.W.; Abeyrathne, E.D.N. S.
    Chitin is the second most important biopolymer on earth and found mainly in invertebrates and several other organisms. It exhibits a wide range of applications in biotechnology, medicine, agriculture, food processing, environmental protection and textile industry. Disposal of shell waste is a major problem in relevant processing plants. Objective of this research was to develop a simple, economical, high yielding, non-toxic and cost effective method for chitin extraction from prawn (Penaeus monodon) shell waste. Samples were collected from a local prawn processing plant and crude chitin was obtained through deproteinization, decolourization and demineralization using NaOH, butanol and citric acid respectively. Crude chitin was then converted in to chitosan by deacetylation. Purity analysis, yield analysis, physiochemical and functional properties analysis such as moisture content, Water Binding Capacity (WBC), Fat Binding Capacity (FBC) and Ce chelating activity were measured. Control was prepared using 5% (w/v) NaOH, 100% (vlv) Acetone and 1% (vlv) HC1 solution. FBC and WBC of the present study showed significantly higher values (539.20 ± 0.40', 560.00 ± 0.23') than those of control (304.66 ± 0.23', 285.06± 0.40"), respectively (p<0.05). However, results of the yield analysis did not show a significant difference between the developed method (32.40 ± 0.01) and the control (24.80 ± 0.08). A low purity value (10%) for crude chitin was showed by the developed method compared to prepared control (25%). However, OP chelating activity was significantly higher in the developed method (51%) compared to prepared control (-16%). Observations obtained in the 3 step extraction process suggested that butanol and citric acid were the most suitable chemicals compared to acetone and HC1. WBC, FBC and chelating activity of chitosan extracted by the present method can be involved in many applications. In contrast to previous studies, the present research showed that the suggested method is a simple way to extract chitin. Keywords: Chitin, Prawn shell, Demineralization, Decolourization, CeChelating activity
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    Examine the Appropriate Ovulation Time to Determine Latency Period of Golden Tinfoil Barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) Using OvaprimTM
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Isharini, W.A.U.; Epasinghe, E.D.M.; Karunaratne, T.A.D.W.; Adikare, A.M.A.N.; Liyanage, N.P.P.
    Fertility of the Golden Tinfoil Barb is very low when they are subjected to induced breeding practices. The research was carried out to determine the appropriate ovulation time for maximizing the fertility rate of Golden Tinfoil Barb, Barbonymus schwanenfeldii. Induced spawning of Barbonyms schwanenfeldii was conducted at different Ovaprim (sGnRHa and Domperidone) dose and latency period combinations to observe the appropriate ovulation time to increase the fertility. For the purpose, three doses of Ovaprim (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mL/kg of body weight) and three latency periods (4, 6 and 8 hours) were considered in nine combinations. Males were injected with half of dosage from female. Induced of breeding was carried out in the hatchery and same water source was used for maintaining the equal condition. After the injection, biopsy tests were performed for all the females after 4, 6 and 8 hours from the injection to detect the moment of ovulation. After eight hours, mean egg diameter was 982.81 ± 48.49 vm, germinal vesicle had broken down, follicle had already removed and ovulation had occurred. When ovulation was observed, hand stripping and then artificial fertilization was carried out. One hour after fertilization, between 40 and 60 eggs of three samples were taken from the hatching jar for each dosage and eggs were counted to calculate percentage of fertilization. Although all ovulation times were recorded in approximately eight hours after the injection, the recorded fertility rates were different. 4% fertility rate was recorded with the 8 + 2.0 hours in 0.4 mL/kg, while it was 80% with the 8 ± 0.5 hours in 0.6 mL/kg of Ovaprim and fertility rate was 52% when 8 ± 0.5 hours in 0.8 mL/kg. The highest fertility rate was recorded in 0.6 mL/kg of dosage. Although 8 ± 0.5 hours ovulation time was recorded in 0.6 mL/kg and 0.8 mL/kg of body weight of female, their fertility rates were different. Keywords: Fish breeding, Egg diameter, Hand stripping, GnRH, Fertility rate
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    Study of the Diversity of Benthic Macro-Invertebrates at Panadura Estuary in Sri Lanka
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Weerasooriyagedara, M.S.; Hettige, N.D.; Amarathunga, A.A.D.; Rajapaksha, R.M.G.N.; Jayamanne, S.C.; Weerasekara, K.A.W.S.; Maddumage, M.D.S.R.; Azmy, S.A.M.; Wickramaarachchi, W.D.N.; Jayawardane, J.K.P.C.; Narangoda, S.R.C.N.K.
    Panadura estuary situated in the western province in Sri Lanka where Bolgoda lake opens into Indian Ocean harbours a lot of aquatic biodiversity. Therefore, main objective of this study was to identify the diversity of benthic macro-invertebrates, to assess the correlation between physico-chemical parameters and macro-benthic invertebrate diversity and to evaluate the pollution level in the estuary with respect to the diversity of benthic macro-invertebrates in Panadyra estuary. Both sediment and bottom water samples were obtained from 19 randomly selected sampling locations in Panadura estuary. Collected Benthic macro-invertebrate samples were wet sieved and identified using standard identification keys. The diversity of benthic macro — invertebrates was determined by using Shannon —Weiner index, richness was calculated using Margalef s index and the health status of the estuary was determined by using Pollution Tolerance Index. Similarities among macro-benthic communities at different locations were determined by using Bray — Curtis similarity coefficient. This study also attempted to determine the physico — chemical determinants that govern the spatial variation. Individuals of 1708 species of macro benthos belonging to 14 families were identified. Planobidae, Haminoidae and Veneridae were the most abundant families. The lowest species richness and diversity was reported at PE6 while highest species richness and diversity was reported at PE7. The sampling locations were separated into several clusters based on the diversity of macro benthos. The major physico-chemical parameters which had effect on the diversity of macro benthos were Biochemical oxygen demand and nitrate nitrogen concentration. Shannon Weiner diversity index in each location at Panadura estuary was in between 2 — 3 and Pollution Tolerance Index in each location was lower than 20. Both these indices confirmed that the aquatic health of Panadyra estuary was in poor condition. Key words: Benthic macro- invertebrates, Diversity, Pollution Acknowledgements: The authors are thankful to the National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency for providing funds to carry out this research project