Browsing by Author "Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L."

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    The Arduino controlled incubator to control temperature and humidity
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Selvanigethan, S.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.; Ekanayake, R.M.T.C.B.
    The incubator with the aid of a tungsten bulb to maintain the temperature and the water and a desiccator to maintain humidity was developed. The aim here is to enhance the ability of maintaining accuracy in temperature and humidity to keep them in desired value with bulb, water, and copper sulfate desiccator. Obtained results show a tolerance of 2% in temperature, and 3% in humidity inside the incubation area for a finite range. Incubators are widely used for hatching the eggs, food preservation, and laboratory purposes. Overall the incubator was made to study the ability to maintain humidity simultaneously with the temperature and also the accuracy of the both factors in relation to the expected output values. There were ways to maintain a temperature with a reduced error percentage but not clear ways exist to maintain the humidity with minimized error. The system is a closed loop one with feedbacks of the outputs time to time to check and reduce the error percentage. The controller is an on-off controller and the system is controlled by Arduino programming board (Arduino Mega – AT Mega 2560). Since the system is a simple on-off controller system the accuracy of the system is not perfect as well as a fuzzy logic controlled system or Proportional-plus-integral- plus-derivative controller system. Anyway the system suits for normal purposes in agriculture, food preservation, and egg hatching where a range of the temperature or humidity is only required. The system uses sensors to sense the temperature and humidity. The use of heat emitted from a bulb in temperature change is studied in this setup. The effect of exposure of water in adding water vapor to a space to increase the humidity, and the effect of copper sulfate desiccator in absorbing the water vapor to decrease the humidity are also studied throughout the research. Methodology A wooden box was made and the lower part of the box was separated by a wooden plate. In the separated lower part a water containing basin was fixed under the separation plate. The plate was drilled and an opening was created to make an interface between the face of water and the upper part of the area. The opening was closed by a plastic door and a 5.0 voltage gear motor was fixed with the door in order to control the opening and closing of the door. A tube like structure was created in the upper surface of the wooden plate and 100grams of dehydrated copper sulfate was added inside the tube. The opening of the tube towards the upper area of the incubator was closed by a plastic door and another 5.0 voltage gear motor is fixed with the door in order to control the opening and closing of the door. A 220 voltage, 100 Watts Tungsten bulb is fixed inside the upper part of the incubator which was the incubation area. Two sensors DHT22 humidity sensor, and LM35temperature sensor were fixed in the incubation area in order to measure the humidity, and temperature values. Adequate wirings were made to connect the motors, bulb, and sensors with the control circuit. The control circuit was created using PCB wizard software. A Relay (125VAC, 5VDC), ULN2003A integrated circuit, and L293D motor controller were used to create the circuit. The circuit was connected to an Arduino Mega development board and adequate wiring was made to connect the circuit board with Arduino Mega development board. The Arduino Mega development board was programmed to maintain the system with the desired values of temperature, and humidity.
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    Detection of Dhool Number in Black Tea Manufacturing with Image Processing Techniques
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Saranka, S.; Kartheeswaran, T.; Wanniarachchi, D.D.C.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    The possibility to use digital images of tea particles as a tool to monitor fermentation of black tea processing is studied in this project. Copper green colour is the predicted colour used to measure the degree of fermentation; therefore, determining the fermentation level by observing the copper green using naked eye is error prone and affects the complete product outcome. Black tea processing takes several batches per day, and from each batch, there are three types of particles obtain after Roll breaker processes. According to the size of the particles these are named as dhool 1, dhool 2, and dhool 3. The duration of fermentation is varied by dhool number for a given batch due to varied sizes of tea particles. Therefore, it is important to identify the dhool number for a given digital image. The method used in this project is divided in to three main phases, image pre-processing, identification of the dhool number, and prediction of the fermentation level. image processing techniques are used to extract features of tea leaves and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used as the classifier to train the system and obtain accuracy in each stage. The results indicate higher accuracy in predicting the dhool 1 which is over 77% accurate while dhools 2 and 3 indicated accuracy levels of 69% and 73% respectively. Therefore, image processing techniques can be successfully used to predict the dhool number of a given batch of tea processing. Keywords: Fermentation, Image processing, SVM
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    Development of automated weather Station: three cup anemometer and tipping bucket rain gauge
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Liyanapathirana, B.C.; Chathurani, T.D.K.U.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    Weather is the state of the atmosphere with respect to wind, temperature, cloudiness, moisture, pressure, etc. Weather measurement tools are used to determine the actual weather and forecasting. Natural wind in the open air is a three-dimensional vector that has the directions of north, south, east and west in addition to vertical components and magnitude (i.e., wind speed). As the vertical component is ignored for most operational meteorological purposes, surface wind is practically considered as a two-dimensional vector. An anemometer or wind meter is a device used for measuring wind speed, and is a common weather station instrument. The rain gauge is an instrument that is used to measure the quantity of rainfall or precipitation over a particular time period at a specific region. The forms of precipitation may be in the liquid form that is the rainwater or the solid forms that are the sleet, hail, or even snow. In Sri Lanka it is as rainwater. In this work we have developed an automated weather station of three cup anemometer to measure wind speed and tipping bucket rain gauge to measure rainfall rate. The current wind speed and the rainfall of the past 24 hours were displayed in a LCD panel where the user can easily read and record the data. Methodology A fix magnet is attached onto the three cup anemometer. When the wind blows, cups and axel attached to then will spin relative with the wind speed, thus the magnet will trigger the Hall Effect sensor. A pulse will be generated as an output for each revolution. The time difference from each pulse (length of the pulse) is used to calculate the speed of the wind. The output from Hall Effect sensor will be transmitted to microcontroller to be processed and calculated. The calculated measurements are displayed on the LCD. It is displayed the length of the pulse in milliseconds. A prototype of three cup anemometer was made using Iron Shaft, 2 bearings, 3 Light weight metal rods, 3 cups and, piece of wood (Figure 01). A Hall Effect Sensor and a magnet fixed to the iron shaft were used to detect number of rotations. Electric signal produce due to the Hall Effect is fed to the 16F877A pic microcontroller. A prototype of tipping bucket rain gauge was built by using plastic jar, funnel and plastic, light weight bucket. A light weight ice cream cup was used to build the bucket which contains two separate parts inside the bucket to fill the water one after another and the tipping bucket was set to the lid of the plastic jar with two aluminium L shape pieces (Figure 02). Small magnet was placed at upper edge of the triangle in one side of the bucket. To count the toggling of the bucket, a normally opened reed switch was used and it was placed in one bucket side which has fixed the magnet and covers it with plastic cover to protect from water. Toggling of the bucket was counted by the reed switch.
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    Development of Leader Follower Robot
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Liyanapathirana, B.C.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    This paper discusses the development of a leader follower robot based on visual tracking. In leader follower approach, one robot acts as a leader whose motion defines the path for the follower robots. The entire follower robots use the path defined by the leader to achieve a defined task or to attain a certain goal. The advancement of the technology of video acquisition has made devices better and cost-effective. Thereby, many applications those will effectively utilize digital video can be identified. Compared to still images, video sequences provide more information about how objects and scenarios change over time. The strategy copes with the tracking and following of a single object in a sequence of frames and the co-ordinate of the object can be determined. The object tracking video is recorded using a wireless camera and then transmitted into a computer. Then using the software artifact named Roborealm', the video is processed and analysed, hence the object can be detected and coordinates of the detected object is calculated. The object is tracked by plotting a square bounding box around it in each frame. Co-ordinates of the centroid of that bounding box is determined and those coordinates are used for an algorithm which was specifically developed for the motion control of the follower robot. Then the commands related to the motion of the leader robot are transmitted to the follower robot enabling it to follow the leader robot. Keywords: Leader Follower, Video sequencing, Wireless, Tracking
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    Home Automation System
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Somasiri, K.G.H.A.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    Home automation refers to the automatic and electronic control of household features, activities, and appliances. Some components of an automated home may include the centralized control of security locks on doors and gates, appliances, windows, lighting, surveillance cameras and HVAC systems (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning). Most existing advanced home automation systems require a big and expensive change of infrastructure since majority of them rely on wired communication. So it is required to change the entire wiring system of the house or wire again for the new home automation system. Obviously, wireless systems may be reduce the burden. And most of the existing systems are only capable of turn ON and OFF the home appliances but do not facilitate to see the states of the load in real time. The main objectives of the research are to design and implement a home automation system that is capable of controlling most of the house appliance wirelessly through a user-friendly web interface and indicate the status of them individually while eliminating the necessity of re- wiring. Any PC or mobile that has internet facility can be used to control it. And also to show the real time status on the web page. In addition, this home automation system is capable of turn on and off lights, control different appliance connected to wall plugs, door locking and unlocking, Shading Level Control and monitor the status. Central control unit required to be connected to the internet all the time since a web server is run by an Arduino Ethernet shield attached to it. All the sub-units are connected to main unit wirelessly via RF transceivers and they communicate both directions. The system was successfully implemented and tested. Keywords: Automation, Surveillance, HVAC, Ethernet shield, Transceivers
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    The persistence of vision (POV) LED globe
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Karunarathna, R.M.C.P.; Ekanayaka, T.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    Every day we see a new display technology emerging around us. One of most important technology development is Persistence of Vision or POV. Persistence of Vision is the ability of the eye to retain the impression of an image for a short time after the image has disappeared. This ability can be used to create an illusion of images/characters floating in the air, by rapidly flashing a column of light emitting diodes (LEDs) while moving the display in air. The developed POV globe is a half ring consists of 32 LEDs that is rotated axially at high-speed (300 rpm). Due to this high-speed and the phenomenon of persistence of vision (POV), our brains interprets this moving half ring of light as a solid, spherical surface. When each of the LEDs is illuminated in proper frequency it appears as a 3 dimensional globe.
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    Radio frequency remote controller for domestic AC loads
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Somasiri, K.G.H.A.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    In today’s electronic market, there are two primary types of remote control systems available to consumers, they are IR (Infrared) based systems and RF (radio frequency) based systems. The most common type of remote control receiver is the IR based. It works well, but with limitations. With an IR remote control, typically, one must have a very clear line of site from the remote to the device that is trying to control. IR transmitting and receiving systems are inexpensive and are generally reliable. The carrier frequency of such infrared signals is typically in the order of around 38 kHz. In most cases, the IR signals are send only one way, in a low-speed burst for distances of up to 30 feet. Even though IR remotes are the most common due to the low cost and most of the time it used to control a single device, RF remote controls are easier to use because they do not require line of sight and do not have to be aimed at the equipment. The RF remote can also be operated from another room. RF remotes use radio frequencies that travel far and can easily pass through walls and floors and also it can control more than one device with a single remote controller. So it offers a far better range in terms of distance. In this work RF remote controller was developed to control domestic AC appliance like CFL/incandescent bulbs, fans, heaters, single phase motors, pumps, etc…
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    Two-Wheeled Self Balancing Robot
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Samarathunga, S.M.B.P.B.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    This paper presents a method to design and control a two-wheeled self-balancing robot by focusing on hardware description, Complimentary filter algorithm, system modelling and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) back stepping controller design. In the system, signals from the digital Gyro sensor are filtered by a Complimentary filter before being fed to the Proportional-Integral-Derivative back stepping controller. The objectives of the proposed controller is to stabilize the robot while trying to keep the motion of robot to any direction. By experimenting, the values of Proportional-Integral-Derivative parameters such as, Proportional Gain Constant, Derivative Gain Constant and Integral Gain Constant have been obtained and applied for the Arduino board. The special software was complied to convert the digital data from the accelerometer to an acceleration magnitude vector. The magnitude is then compared to a predetermined mathematical function to infer the angle of tilt of the platform. The angle of tilt is then converted to angle of rotation for the gear motors to act on. Complimentary filter is used to filter the gyro data in order to reduce noise, drift, and horizontal acceleration dependency, for the fast estimation of angle. It was noticed that this approach promises much less lag than the low-pass filter alone, and not very processor-intensive. Tuning for Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller is depending upon the physical properties of the robot and the battery power, due to those reasons tuning the controller becomes a difficult task. Experimental results shows that the platform performed as expected. The two-wheeled robot was able to move towards any direction while keeping its balance. Keywords: Complimentary filter, Gyro sensor, Arduino board, Accelerometer, Proportional gain constant
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    Wireless gesture control vehicle
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2015) Samarathunga, S.M.B.P.B.; Wanniarachchi, W.K.I.L.
    Gesture is a movement of part of the body, especially a hand or head. Gesture has many properties which shows significant different from speech. There for gestures are being used for the creation of expressive forms. Interaction between human and computer is based on human gestures. Gesture is behaved as an input for the computer and it might make computer more accessible for the physical impaired and make interaction like more natural. In this project hand gestures are used to control a vehicle wirelessly. For that there are two modules are involved. One is the band and the other one is the vehicle. Band is consisting with gyro meter that gives the coordination according to the hand motion and RF module transmits the data that given by the gyro to the vehicle. The vehicle comprehends the signal sent by the gyro meter and it starts to move itself with respect to the signals that given by the hand gesture using gear motors.