Browsing by Author "Senevirathne, J.D.M."

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    Present Status of Export Trade of Endemic and Indigenous Freshwater Ornamental Fish Species in Sri Lanka
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Egodauyana, K.P.U.T.; Dias, P.C.B.; Jayawardana, J.M.D.R.; Senevirathne, J.D.M.; Liyanage, N.P.P.
    Sri Lankan ornamental fish export industry has developed rapidly during last decade due to high demand. Recent surveys have indicated that wild collection of endemic and indigenous freshwater ornamental fish species has caused serious conservational issues. This study aims to evaluate the present status of export trade of endemic and indigenous fish species in Sri Lanka during 2016-2017. Secondary information on type of freshwater fish species which were exported as ornamental fishes and their levels of exporting were collected from Sri Lanka Customs. Pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from 15 ornamental fish exporters, including the details of restricted and prohibited species and current status of the export industry. Results of the study indicated that the exportation of endemic species and indigenous species have been reduced by 43.7% and 9.4% respectively in 2017 when compared to 2016. Highest export trend were recorded on Garra ceylonensis: endemic fish species (48.7%) and Monodactylus argenteus: indigenous species (69.6%). Only 20 species of restricted freshwater fish have exported in 2016 and not reported at 2017. The major export destinations of Sri Lankan endemic and indigenous fish was USA (22%) followed by Netherlands (18%) and Australia (10%). The results of the questionnaire survey indicated that a limited number of exporters (40%) tend to export endemic fish species due to legal barriers. Further, captive breeding of Sri Lankan endemic fish varieties (Puntius titteya) outside the island may threat to the ornamental fish trade of Sri Lanka. A high proportion of exporters (80%) are over depended on the wild collection which leads to overexploitation of demanded species. Further, natural habitats of the wild population are negatively affected by deforestation and environmental pollution. Therefore, improving the captive breeding for wild catch species is important to ensure the sustainability of ornamental fish trade.
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    A Review on Export Trade of Freshwater Ornamental Fish Species in Sri Lanka
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Rathnamurthi, T.D.N.K.S.; Dias, P.C.B.; Jayawardana, J.M.D.R.; Senevirathne, J.D.M.; Liyanage, N.P.P.
    Freshwater Ornamental Fish industry of Sri Lanka has developed rapidly during the last few decades due to high export demand. Industry sustains with culture of exotic species rather than a wild collection of ornamental fish including endemics. Hence, a review on the present status of the export industry of Freshwater Ornamental Fish and identification of the existing gaps are important for further development in the industry. Secondary information on exporting levels, species and countries were collected from Sri Lanka Customs. Further, 32 registered exporters were identified using NAQDA registry and pretested questionnaire was used to collect information on knowledge of exporters, productivity and export details. Results revealed that majority of export fish varieties were Guppy (87%) followed by Platy (3.3%), Molly (2.2%), Tetra (2%), Zebrafish (1.7%) and Barb (0.9%). According to the results, demand for the exporting fish is changed with the quarters of the year and majority of the species (Guppy, Platy, Molly, Tetra) have high demand in 1st quarter. Demand for Zebra fish and Barb fish has high demand in 4th and 2nd quarter of the year respectively. Results of the survey indicated that 80% of companies target only the export market rather than local trade. Majority (55%) of the exporters depended on local farmers to fulfill their requirement of export market. This vast export demand still cannot be achieved due to the communication barriers (67%) among farmers and exporters. The major constrains were identified as difficulties of recognise the actual market demand (87%), lack of adequate knowledge and technical approach regarding disease control (73%) and water quality management (87%). “Ceylon Fish Guide” a userfriendly android tool was developed to enhance the knowledge and communication of farmers and exporters. Therefore, improving the ornamental fish industry with novel technologies is important to compete with global market.
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    Usability of Fish Haematological Parameters as a Biological Indicator for Freshwater Quality in Badulla District
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2016) Jayasundara, J.M.N.M.; Liyanage, N.P.P.; Wijesundera, R.R.M.K.K.; Senevirathne, J.D.M.; De Silva, D.P.N.
    Water, the fundamental of life, requires continuous monitoring because water quality deteriorates over time. Fish haematological parameters respond more quickly for environmental changes with more precise results than chemical analysis which conduct periodically. As it is profitable to authenticate eco-friendly method for assessing water quality, this study was conducted to investigate the usability of fish haematological parameters as a bioindicator for assessing freshwater quality. Comparison of physico¬chemical parameters of water quality was done in two inland static water bodies in Badulla district: Horabora and Mapakada reservoirs. Results of present study revealed that Transparency, Total Dissolved Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BUD), pH, Total hardness and Trace metal (As, Pb and Cu) levels were significantly different between Horabora and Mapakada reservoirs (p<0.05). No statistical difference was found for total alkalinity, Dissolved Oxygen level, and Surface water temperature (p>0.05). Both water bodies were identified as polluted in terms of Universal Water Quality Index, although Horabora reservoir was much more polluted than Mapakada reservoir by resulting higher BOD, Total Dissolved Solids, Total hardness and trace metal levels (Pb and As) with less clear water. Blood from Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), Labeo rohita and Calla catla was used for fish haematology analysis. Red blood cell count was significantly different (p<0.05) between two different water bodies for each fish species. Eosinophil count showed a significant difference among two water bodies (p<0.05). The study revealed that a great possibility exists for using fish haematological parameters as a bioindicator for freshwater quality. Moreover, a multi-year continuous study with elaborated investigation require for clarify trends which may exist between fish haematological parameters with respect to water quality changes. Keywords: Water quality study, Haematology, Tilapia, Eosinophil, Trace metal