Browsing by Author "Perera, W.S.J."

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    Investigation of Antibiotic Usage for Dairy Cattle and Antibiotic Residues in Milk in Coconut Triangle
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2013) Perera, W.S.J.
    Dairy farmers in coconut triangle of Sri Lanka rear Indigenous, Jersey, Sahiwal, Friesian, Ayrshire and their cross breeds mainly for the purpose of obtaining milk. Milk is marketed to milk processing companies or farmers use for their. These breeds are reared under intensive, semi-intensive or extensive management system. Cattle who are infected with bacterial diseases are treated with antibiotics and use of antibiotics can result in antibiotic residues in milk which can lead to destruction of favorable microorganism in the environment, disturbances to produce some milk products such as yoghurt, curd and cheese by inhibiting the starter culture and development of resistance bacteria strains for antibiotics. This study investigate the most commonly used antibiotics in cattle, identify the antibiotic residues in milk and analyses the factors affecting on the commonly occurring of bacterial disease of cattle. Stratified sample of 200 dairy cattle rearing farmers, 20 veterinary offices, 20 pharmacies were selected from Kurunegala and Puttalam districts. Data were collected using three pre-tested questionnaire. According to the record of having mastitis, 72 milk samples were collected from mastitis treated cows and tested by Twinsensor® and Delvotest® to identify the antibiotic residues in milk samples. Mastitis is the most common bacterial disease for which farmers use antibiotics in cattle. According to the results most of tested milk samples (84.1%) were negative and antibiotic residues were found in few milk samples (15.9%). Bacitracin, neomycin, tetracycline and sulfa-trimethoprim are the highly used antibiotics for treatment of mastitis in Sri Lanka. According to binary logistic model results average milk production, purpose farming and hygienic practices were significantly affecting factors for the occurrence of mastitis. It can be concluded that there is a risk of contamination of milk in coconut triangle with antibiotic residues and further studies are needed for the quantification of antibiotic residues. Antibiotics usage can be controlled by prevention and controlling of mastitis disease that helps to reduce antibiotic residues in milk. Key' words: Antibiotic, Mastitis, Dairy cattle, Milk
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    Investigation of Antibiotic Usage for Dairy Cattle and Antibiotic Residues in Milk in Coconut Triangle
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2013) Perera, W.S.J.; Samaraweera, A.M.; Kurukulasuriya, M.S.; Kanugala, K.A.N.P.
    Dairy cattle farming in coconut triangle play an important role in the dairy industry of Sri Lanka. Antibiotics are widely used for the health management of these lactating cows. However, the improper usage of antibiotics leads to antibiotic residues in milk which have several adverse effects on human health. Further, antibiotic residues may interfere with bacterial starter culture used for production of value added dairy products such as yoghurt, curd and cheese. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify the most commonly used antibiotics in dairy cattle, to screen milk for antibiotic residues and to study the factors affecting mastitis in dairy cattle of coconut triangle. Stratified random sample of 200 farmers, 20 veterinary offices and 20 pharmacies were selected from Kurunegala and Puttalam districts. Data on farmer information, management system, farmers’ knowledge on antibiotic usage, use of antibiotics in feed and as treatments and hygienic practices in farm were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A total of 72 milk samples were collected from cows recently treated with antibiotics and antibiotic residues in milk samples were tested by Twinsensor® and Delvotest® commercial kits. According to the results antibiotic residues were found only in 15.9% milk samples whereas majority (84.1%) of tested milk samples were negative. Out of the reported diseases, mastitis is the predominant bacterial disease (87%) which antibiotics are mainly used. Information from farmers, Veterinary offices and pharmacies revealed tetracycline as the highest using antibiotic. Sulfa trimethoprim, cloxacillin, bacitracin and neomycin are antibiotics which are highly used for treatment in mastitis as combinations. According to binary logistic model, hygienic practices, routing testing for mastitis, average milk production, source of income, were significant factors for the occurrence of mastitis. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a risk of contamination of milk in coconut triangle with antibiotic residues and further studies are needed for the quantification of antibiotic residues. Since antibiotics are heavily used in mastitis, milk contamination with antibiotics can be prevented by reducing the antibiotic usage for prevention and control of mastitis.