Browsing by Author "Navaratne, C.M."

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    Effect of Temperature and Packing Material on Germination Rate of Stored Paddy
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019) Awanthi, M.G.G.; Navaratne, S.B.; Jinendra, B.M.S.; Navaratne, C.M.
    Germination rate (GR) of paddy is one of the most important quality standards to obtain a bumper harvest and it is also a key factor to conserve plant genetic resources for long time. Main objective of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature and packing material on GR of stored paddy for 6 months. Experiment was conducted as a split-split plot design with 3 replicates. Main, sub and sub-sub plot factors were variety, packing material and temperature, respectively. About 5 kg of AT-362 and Kuruluthuda paddy varieties were packed in gunny bags, poly sacks (woven polypropylene) and polyethylene bags (300 gauge) and stored at 4 different temperatures (26, 30, 34 and 38 °C) for 6 months. The germination test was based on 100 grain samples which were drawn monthly for 6 months. Based on the result pertaining to GR after 6 months, 2 factor interaction (Temperature x Packing material) was found to be significant (p<0.05). After 6 months, GR of paddy stored in polyethylene bags was significantly lower than that of gunny bags and poly-sacks at every temperatures. The high GR was recorded by AT-362 (93.3%) and Kuruluthuda (92.6%) paddy, stored at 26 °C in poly-sacks, while low GR recorded by AT-362 (8%) and Kuruluthuda (7.6%) at 38 °C when paddy was stored in polyethylene bags. Germination rate of paddy stored in gunny bags and poly-sacks were declined with rising storage temperature and it was significantly lower at 38 °C than the 26 °C. However, there was no correlation between (p>0.05) GR and storage temperature when paddy was stored in gunny bags and poly sacks. Germination rate of paddy stored in poly-sacks was higher than gunny bags at all temperatures of the study, but it was not significant. Germination rate showed a negative correlation (p<0.05) with storage time when they were stored in gunny bags (r = -0.830). It can be concluded that minimum negative effect was found on germination rate when paddy was stored at low temperatures in poly sacks.
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    Product Carbon Footprint of a Garment Manufacturing in Sri Lanka.
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Priyankara, H.A.C.; Navaratne, C.M.; Awanthi, M.G.G.; Perera, P.R.D. J.
    Apparel sector contributes for 5% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in the world. In Sri Lanka, apparel industry is one of the biggest industries which provide significant contribution to the growth of national economy. As denim production is a major subsector in this industry, estimating carbon footprint (CFP) of the pair of denim jeans is very much important. Therefore, main objective of this study is to assess the CFP of a branded pair of denim jeans manufactured in Sri Lanka for the export market. A process map was built considering on activities and processes that contribute to the life cycle of pair of denim jeans. The cradle to gate system boundary was defined to determine the product CFP. Activity data were collected from bills, data recording sheets, running charts and personal communication. Emission factors were obtained from the database of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs of United Kingdom (DEFRA). Calculation of CFP was done based on life cycle analysis under PAS 2050. Result showed that CFP of a pair of denim jeans is 18.41 kgCO2e. According to the energy usage in stage of garment manufacturing, CFP for biomass, electricity and fuel were 9.42%, 4.32%, and 0.09% per product respectively. The highest carbon emission was recorded by fabric production (48.88%) while transportation (18.95%) and garment manufacturing process (16.41%) accounted for the second and third largest emissions. The lowest CFP in the production process showed for cotton production (15.75%). Finally, it can be concluded that there are provisions to reduce CFP of a pair of denim jeans manufactured in Sri Lanka using organic cotton, renewable energy sources and other environmentally friendly manufacturing methods. However, CFP of this product is comparatively lower than the estimates of other countries.