Browsing by Author "Kahandawa, D.D."

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    Development of a Herbal Jelly Using Cissampelos pareira and Aloe vera blend
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2020) Kahandawa, D.D.; Udari, A.H.G.S.; Rathnayaka, R.R.P.Y.K.
    Jelly is a product with a semi-solid texture and is characterized by the concentration of plant components and sugars. The use of chemicals and artificial ingredients in the preparation of jelly products is a major concern related to health issues. Hence, this study was aimed to develop herbal jelly from velvet leaf (Cissampelos pareira) and Aloe (Aloe vera) blend with natural flavors. Three jelly samples were prepared by varying the flavors of sugar cane, kithul treacle, and bee honey. Sensory evaluation was conducted and results were analysed by Freedman non-parametric test using (MINITAB). Herbal jelly prepared with bee honey, Cissampelos pareira, and Aloe vera plant blend were selected as the most preferable herbal jelly sample. The selected sample was analysed for proximate composition and it contained 0.2% of ash, 0.6% of crude protein, 0.2% of moisture, 80.9% crude fiber, 47.4% of pectin, and 31.2% of sugar by mass. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids which functionally beneficial for humans. Total soluble solids (TSS) value of 6.9% is compatible with Sri Lankan Standard Institution (SLSI). Alcohol test confirmed that the absence of alcohol in the herbal jelly product. The David person’s chemical analysis on food test revealed that the developed herbal jelly contained 76.9 kcal per 100g of the sample. Analysis of microbial parameters (aerobic plate count, E. coli, yeast, and mold count) results in the count which compares with the SLS standards and shelf-life attributes for six weeks suggesting that herbal jelly product as a stable for a shelflife of six weeks hopefully beyond. According to the tests results provide evidence that this newly developed jelly product can be used as a healthy dessert. Keywords: Aloe vera, Bee honey, Cissampelos pareira, Jelly
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    Diurnal Avifaunal Diversity at Pallemalala, Bundala, Sri Lank
    (Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2020) Gunawardena, M.P.; Hettiarachchi, C.J.; Kahandawa, D.D.; Rathnayaka, T.S.B.; Mahamoor, F.M.; Malwattage, S.D.P.; Chandrawansa, P.H.N.R.; Mandawala, E.N.
    In a world of rapid development influences such as anthropogenic land use, effects of invasive fauna and flora, suburbanization, and pollution are major causes for declining of biodiversity and it is needed to understand the state of biodiversity to aid management and conservation. To successfully manage land use in ways that are least harmful to biodiversity it is vital to be able to identify habitats that are of most important for biodiversity beyond the protected areas. In this study diurnal avifaunal diversity was studied at unprotected natural habitat (Pallemalala, Bundala) adjacent to Bundala National Park, during two months (from March to April 2018), using the fixed distance line transect method. A total number of 2540 of individuals belonging to 52 species, 34 families and 13 orders were recorded during the study period. The relative abundance of each bird species indicates that the Black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) was the most common bird (7.40) followed by Yellow wattled lapwing (Vanellus malabaricus) (7.25) and Yellow billed Babbler (Turdoides affinis) (6.50). Yellow Bittern (Ixobrychus sinensis), Pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis), Indian paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi), Grey heron (Ardea cinerea) and White-bellied Sea Eagle (Haliastur leucogaster) were the least observed birds. The Shanon diversity index was 3.5106. Even though the study site is close to populated residential areas; it still provides vital habitat to a large number of bird species. However, due to the increasing number of invasive species and pollution around the area, there is a potential increasing threat to the avifaunal composition in the non-protected area natural habitats outside the Bundala National Park. In conclusion, the unprotected habitat at Pallemalala, Bundala can be considered as an important habitat for avifaunal diversity thus suitable integrated measurements should be implemented with the help of residents to conserve biodiversity in the area. Keywords: Avifauna, Bundala, Diversity