Browsing by Author "Gunarathne, Y.M.C."
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Item Applicability of the Risk Model Identified by Basel Framework on Advancing Financial Performance: Special Reference to Licensed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2020) Sanjeewani, D.M.N.M.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Fernando, A.G.N.K.The Basel framework is an international regulatory accord that introduced a specially designed set of reforms to improve the regulation, supervision, and risk management of the banking sector. Credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk are the main four risk factors in the Basel III framework. As the risk being the main challenge faced by the banks, they tend to apply the Basel framework to mitigate it but they are exposed to various risks and thus the performance of the freamework is not guaranteed. Therefore, this study endeavored to explore the applicability of the risk model identified by the Basel framework on advancing the financial performance of licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Further, this study expects to identify other risk factors which are not identified by the Basel III framework to develop a new risk model. This study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative method was applied to investigate the risk in Basel framework on financial performance and data were collected from 10 licensed commercial banks for a span of 10 years. The qualitative approach was used to identify other risks faced by the banks and data were collected from 10 bank managers using the in-depth interview method. The panel data regression analysis was used to analyze the quantitative data using E-views software. The thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between capital adequacy ratio in credit risk and the financial performance while other risk factors show an insignificant relationship. Then, the researcher has expanded the Basel Framework by introducing a new risk model using the thematic analysis. The researcher recommended to apply the most compatible risk model to derive better measurement to calculate bank risk in future research. Keywords: Capital adequacy, Financial performance, Basel Framework, Bank risksItem Economic Benefit of promoting Own Brand in Local Tea Industry(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2010) Deshan, W.H.M.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.The purpose of this study was Exploring for the opportunities of promoting own brand in local tea industry. This study will help to the parties who are going to or hoping to promote their own brand in local tea industry. For the data collection in here, used method was direct interview method for primary data. For the secondary data collecting, used annual reports and publications. According to the research findings, it shows the promoting own brands is not effective and prove that, it was measured and compare with the local market portion and exporting volume of the tea industry. According to the findings it indicate that exporting tea or following other promotional methods are suitable than promoting own brand in a local market. In addition, it said that, most of the companies mainly base on the exporting market rather than doing operations in local market. Furthermore they mainly think about their exporting capacity and they are not like to spend more money to the creating own brand in to the local market. To promoting own brand, as constrain, they have lack of money. Giant companies like "Unilevers" spend huge money for the promotional campaign and they have more than 50% of market share in local market. When newly started firms are not in a position to face that much of risk in the market and also according to the annual reports of the companies who are having brand, most of the years they made loss from tea.Item An Empirical Study of the Impact of Brand Equity on Consumer Purchase Decisions of Soft Drink Market: Special Reference to Youth Sector(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Samudika, U.B.G.S.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Deyshappriya, N.P.R.At present brand equity is important element to the marketing, based on consumer’s attitudes on positive brand attributes and favorable consequences of brand usage. In soft drink market, people prefer to have well-known soft drink brands. Hence, soft drink companies should know the magnitude of the impact of brand equity on the purchase decisions of consumers. And none of the research done to the soft drink market regarding impact of brand equity on consumer purchase decisions. Therefore, this research was carried out with the intention of finding the impact of brand equity on the purchase decisions of the youth regarding the soft drink brands. The national youth policy of Sri Lanka defines youth as those within the age group of 15-29. The specific objectives of the study include; to investigate the impact of brand equity on purchase decisions of Sri Lankan soft drink market, to examine the relationship between each element of brand equity and consumer buying decisions on soft drinks in Sri Lanka and to identify the most influential element of brand equity on purchase decisions of soft drinks in Sri Lanka. A questionnaire based survey conducted to collect primary data from 240 young consumers by using the convenient sampling method. Descriptive Statistics along with statistical tools such as, Correlation Coefficient and Regression Analysis Techniques were employed to analyze the data. Through hypotheses testing the researcher also revealed that each element of brand equity has a significant relationship with consumer buying decisions of the youth. According to the findings of the study, “Brand Loyalty” was the most influential factor on consumer purchase decisions among the four elements of brand equity. Hence, the domestic soft drink marketers can adapt this knowledge to their marketing plans and activities to provide the offerings based on the factual consumers’ needs.Item An Empirical Study of the Impact of Brand Personality on Brand Commitment: Evidence from Sri Lankan Smartphone Market(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2018) Kumari, A.G.P.M.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.Brand commitment is one of the most-cited concepts in marketing literature, and today, this concept plays a vital role in strategic management. It is surely true that the committed customers to a particular brand seldom switch to another. In Sri Lankan smartphone market context, firms introduce new versions, capture new technology rapidly and product quality and features are getting homogenous due to technological changes, competition and globalization. Thus, to gain customer commitment towards a brand, smartphone manufacturers need to focus on other aspects than product features and quality. Hence this study investigated whether the brand personality can be used to derive customer commitment towards the brand. The study objectives were; firstly to identify the impact of brand personality on brand commitment, secondly to identify the impact of brand personality on affective commitment and continuance commitment separately and finally to identify the relative contribution of brand personality dimensions on brand commitment in Sri Lankan smartphone market. Five brand personality dimensions studied were Sincerity, Excitement, Ruggedness, Competence and Sophistication. 100 smartphone users were considered as the sample and the data were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, simple linear regression and stepwise regression analysis techniques were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that there is an impact of brand personality on brand commitment, affective brand commitment and continuance brand commitment. Further it revealed that all five brand personality dimensions are positively impact on brand commitment while sophistication showed the highest and the competence showed the next highest contribution. Hence the researcher recommends the smartphone manufacturers to consider on improving brand personality dimensions to derive customer commitment towards such brand.Item An Empirical Study on Factors Affecting on the Microcredit Demand in Agriculture Sector (Special Reference to Kurunegala District)(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2020) Munasinghe, E.A.T.L; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Frenando, A.G.N.K.Microcredit is one of the empowerment tools that have the potential to the agriculture sector and change the life of farmers from a situation of abject poverty to a more dignified life. At present, farmers face many problems when borrowing microcredit loans and there are many factors that affecting on the demand for microcredit. Kurunegala district accounts for the highest microcredit loan demand and agricultural loans borrowed from other loan schemes in the last three years. Finding what factors affecting on the microcredit demand in the agriculture sector in Kurunegala district seems important and this research design to understand the drives of microcredit demand for the agriculture sector. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to ascertain the determinants of the demand for microcredit in Kurunegala district from the perspective of microcredit consumers. A total of 100 microcredit consumers were selected from the Kurunegala district using convenience sampling technique. The primary data analysis was done using SPSS software. Simple regression with dummy variables was applied to determine the influence of the demographic factors. The results of the study indicated that the respondents mostly subscribe to agricultural credit products and then credit products that focused on developing agriculture activities. The results further illustrated that income level of microcredit holders, financial literacy and information availability had a significant influence on the microcredit demand of the consumer. Gender and employment status were non-significant to the microcredit demand. Financial literacy and information availability were positively correlated with the microcredit demand. Findings suggested to educate the farmers on loan acquisition process and to implement privatepublic integrated policy in Kurunegala district to effectively handle the agricultural loans. Keywords: Agriculture loans, Financial literacy, Credit worthiness, Credit awareness microcredit demandItem An Empirical Study on the Impact of Job Rotation Practices on Employees Job Performance: Comparative Study of Public and Private Licensed Commercial Banks in Colombo District(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Shehansi, N.B.A.S.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Deyshappriya, N.P.R; Fernando, A.G.N.K.Job rotation is a movement of employees from one task to another at a given time period. Offering job rotation to employees in a different way has become an important strategy to enhance employees’ job performance in any organization and make them more committed towards their tasks. However, there are limited empirical studies focus on job rotation and employees job performance in banking sector. Similarly, there is no consensus among scholars about aforementioned relationship. Therefore, this study was conducted as a comparative study between private and public banks in order to identify the relationship and the impact of job rotation practices on employees’ job performance with reference to the domestic licensed commercial banks. Data were collected by using convenient sampling method and the sample consisted of fifty bank employees from public licensed commercial banks and fifty bank employees from private licensed commercial banks from the Colombo district. Data analysis was performed using Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Correlation analysis and Multiple Regression analysis. Results of the analysis indicated that, job rotation practices significantly and positively associate with employees’ job performance in private and public banks. Multiple regression analysis discovered that cross functional job rotation is the most significant factor of employees’ job performance among private and public banks. Outcomes of this study provided implications like enhancing available literature, to understand the real impact of job rotation on employees’ job performance to managers which drive them to enhance the better rotational activities. This study also suggests some further research areas for future research.Item Impact of Stock Market Performance on Economic Growth of Sri Lanka: An Econometric Analysis(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2020) Farvin, M.N.N.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Yapa, U.A.S.Capital markets long played an important role in economic development. Recently, attention was grabbed by the stock market performance and economic growth. The objective of this study was to explore the causal relationship between stock market performance and economic growth. The study used time-series data throughout 1990 - 2018. Data were collected from the Colombo Stock Exchange, World Bank data, and Central Bank annual reports. Market capitalization was used as the proxy for stock market performance and Gross Domestic Production (GDP) was used as the proxy for economic growth. The macroeconomic variables such as export, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflation, and capital formation were used as the control variables in this study. According to the Augmented Dickey Fullar (ADF) test, the data set was stationary at the first difference form. Johanson co-integration test, Vector Error Correction Model, and Impulse Response Functions were used to check the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship between the stock market performance and economic growth. The cointegration test results confirmed that there is a long-run relationship between stock market performance and economic growth. The Impulse Response Function suggested that shocks from the stock market did not make an immediate effect on economic growth but in the long run there existed a positive relationship. Other macroeconomic variables showed fluctuated negative impacts on economic growth while Foreign Direct Investment managed to create a positive relationship in the long run. Therefore, the study recommends the policymakers to increase the concern towards the stock market performance to boost economic growth. Keywords: Economic growth, long-run relationship, Macroeconomic variables, Market capitalization, Stock market performanceItem Influence of Visual Merchandising on Fashion Oriented Impulse Buying Behavior: Special Reference on Colombo District(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2019-02) Fernando, C.T.A.M.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.; Deyshappriya, N.P.R.Currently, fashion has become an integral part of day to day life especially in urbanized areas. The main objective of this research is to examine the impact of visual merchandising on fashion oriented impulse buying behavior of the people in Colombo District in Sri Lanka. Secondary objectives of the study include to investigate the relationship between visual merchandising and fashion oriented impulse buying behavior and to identify the most significant visual merchandising type which influences on fashion oriented impulse buying behavior of consumers in Colombo District. The study focuses on four types of visual merchandising techniques such as window display, interior design, floor merchandising and promotional signage. Sample of 100 people were selected from Colombo District by employing convenience sampling method. Descriptive Statistics along with statistical tools such as, Correlation Coefficient and Regression Analysis Techniques were employed to analyze the data. In this study, researcher identified that there is a strong positive relationship between promotion signage and impulse buying behavior and the analyzed results interpreted that the promotional signage would be more influencing factor on the fashion oriented impulse buying behavior in Colombo District. The main results of this research demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between visual merchandising and impulse buying behavior.Item A Study on Labour Turnover Intention of Millennial Employees in Hotel Industry; With Special Reference to Five Star Hotels in Sri Lanka(Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka, 2018) Gammampila; Karunarathna, A.C.I.D.; Gunarathne, Y.M.C.Hospitality industry is considered as a highly labour-intensive industry, and labour turnover has been conspicuously recognized as a severe concern within the industry, all around the world. The industry requires more evident to discover the ins and outs to minimize the negative waves of this high rate of labour turnover within the sector. Millennial employees, the future of work force have completely different attitudes, characteristics and behaviors compared to past generations and they have already dominated the human capital in some companies specially hotel sector and fastgrowing travel industry. Thus, this study has empirically assessed the labour turnover intention of millennial employees in the hotel industry to provide more inputs to minimize future challenges. Three objectives were stated in order to recognize how job stress, job satisfaction, extended working hours and reward management practices are influencing millennial employees' turnover intention in hotel industry. This study based on three objectives; first, to determine existing situation of determinants, second, to identify the relationship between labour turnover intention and determinants. Finally, to identify the most significant factor which determine labour turnover intention of millennial employees. Data were collected by the researcher from a sample of 136 millennial employees, who were working in a five star hotel at least for 6 months period were selected through convenient sampling techniques and assessed through a self-administrated questionnaire. In order to achieve the objectives, the researcher conducted descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. According to the results, job stress, extended working hours, are positively influenced on the turnover intention of millennial employees in hotel industry where reward management practices and job satisfaction are negatively influenced. The job stress and reward management practices were the most significant elements to control the turnover intention of millennial employees in hotel industry. Further, based on the above variables , researcher recommends that increase in employee satisfaction level, flexible supervision and policies for their work schedule, increase performances through career advancement workshops, training sessions and performance appraisal, providing a safety environment and better facilities with necessary equipment, making opportunities for success their future path, fair treatments for all employees, flexible work load, responsibilities and working hours and Maintain a good reward management practices to minimize the millennial employees turnover intention in sri Lanka.